pyinstaller onefile找不到数据文件

问题描述

我也是第一次尝试构建包含数据文件的简单--onefile exe，但是Pyinstaller在构建.exe时似乎找不到它们. --onedir构建似乎可以正常工作.

I too am trying for the first time to build a simple --onefile exe which includes data files, but Pyinstaller doesn't seem to find them when building the .exe. A --onedir build seems to work fine.

在这一点上，我也正在使用--debug开关.我能够运行onefile可执行文件，并且可以看到它似乎开始工作.程序找到了(sys._MEIPASS)临时目录ok(按照指示打印所需的目录名)，但是当它从temp目录中查找第一个数据文件时，报告没有这样的文件或目录"错误.我在.exe上使用了archiveviewer.py，然后在其中找不到所需的数据文件-这似乎是问题所在，但我不知道为什么.用于构建的数据文件位于规范文件描述的目录中.我完整的规格文件是

I'm using the --debug switch at this point as well. I am able to run the onefile executable and can see that it appears to start working. The program finds the (sys._MEIPASS) temp directory ok (prints the needed directory name as directed) but reports a "no such file or directory" error when it looks for the first data file from the temp directory. I used archiveviewer.py on the .exe and DIDN'T find the needed data files there-- which seems to be the problem, but I can't figure out why. Data files for the build are in the directory the spec file describes. My complete spec file is

# -*- mode: python -*-

a = Analysis(['develop6.py'],
         pathex=['C:\\PYINST20'],
         hiddenimports=[],
         hookspath=None)

a.datas += [ ('conlist.txt', 'C:\\pyinst20\\conlist.txt', 'DATA'), ('imageblank.gif', 'C:\\pyinst20\\imageblank.gif', 'DATA')]

pyz = PYZ(a.pure)

exe = EXE(pyz,
      a.scripts,
      a.binaries,
      a.zipfiles,
      a.datas,
      name=os.path.join('dist', 'develop6.exe'),
      debug=True,
      strip=None,
      upx=True,
      console=True )

推荐答案

(这个问题很旧，但是这是我发现解决同一问题的唯一来源之一，我将在这里分享我的解决方案，以防万一.某人)

(this question is old but a it is one of the only sources I found to solve the same problem, I will share my solution here in case it could help someone)

要以--onefile模式将数据文件添加到脚本中，需要做两件事.

There is two main things to do to add data files to your script in --onefile mode.

在脚本中，调整路径以查找捆绑软件中的数据文件.根据PyInstaller文档此处，该可执行文件是从一个临时文件启动的，因此您的路径必须照顾这个动态部分:

In your script, adapt your paths to find the datafiles in the bundle.According to PyInstaller documentation here,the executable is launched from a temporary file, so your path must take care of this dynamic part :

对于具有以下相对路径的文件:./your/file/is/here.ext

For a file with the following relative path :./your/file/is/here.ext

代码为:

import sys
wd = sys._MEIPASS
file_path = os.path.join(wd,<your>,<file>,<is>,<here>)

注意:要使您的代码也可以在其他上下文中使用，您可以执行以下操作:

Note : to make your code also work on other contexts, you can do the following :

import sys
import os
try:
   wd = sys._MEIPASS
except AttributeError:
   wd = os.getcwd()
file_path = os.path.join(wd,<your>,<file>,<is>,<here>)

2.在PyInstaller规范中添加数据文件路径

根据PyInstaller文档此处 ，有两种方法可以将数据文件添加到捆绑软件中:

2. Add the data files paths in the PyInstaller specs

According to PyInstaller documentation here, there is two ways to add data files to the bundle :

1. 从脚本目录运行pyinstaller <yourscript.py>时，将选项--add-files和文件作为参数传递

1. Pass the option --add-files and the files as parameters when running pyinstaller <yourscript.py> from your script directory

首先通过导航到脚本目录并运行pyi-makespec <yourscript.py>来生成规格文件，然后将文件添加到元组data=[]的列表中.元组包含文件的实际路径以及其中的路径您的捆绑包.如果您遵循了第一点，这应该看起来像datas = [('/your/file/is/here.ext','/your/file/is/')]

First generate a spec file by navigating to your script directory and running pyi-makespec <yourscript.py>, then add your files to the list of tuples data=[].The tuples contains the actual path to the file and the path withinyour bundle. If you followed the first point, this should look likedatas = [('/your/file/is/here.ext','/your/file/is/')]

然后根据您的规格文件运行PyInstall <yourscript.spec>来构建捆绑包.

Then run PyInstall <yourscript.spec> to build the bundle, based on your specs file.

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