NUnit 5 Spring MVC测试NoSuchBeanDefinitionException用于子模块中的自动关联

问题描述

我有一个包含两个子模块的项目；一个是数据访问层，另一个是API服务.数据访问模块在服务类中使用JOOQ和自动连接的DSLContext.另外，我正在使用JUnit 5和Spring Boot 2.2.4.

I have a project with two submodules; one is the data access layer the other is the API service.The data access module uses JOOQ and an autowired DSLContext in a service class. Also, I'm using JUnit 5, and Spring Boot 2.2.4.

数据访问模块中的QueryService类具有类似@Autowired private DSLContext dsl;

The QueryService class in the data access module has a member like @Autowired private DSLContext dsl;

测试类的设置如下:

@SpringBootTest
public class MyServiceTests {

  @Autowired
  QueryService service;

  @Autowired
  private DSLContext dsl;

  @Test
  public void TestDoSomething() throws Exception {
    service.selectBusinessEntityRelatedByBusinessEntity("C00001234", mockAuth);
  }
}

此模块中的测试正常运行.从application.yaml中读取配置，然后自动装配将真实服务或模拟注入到我的QueryService和本地dsl中.

The tests in this module run correctly. Configuration is read from the application.yaml, and autowire injects either real services or a mock into both my QueryService and the local dsl.

API服务是另一回事.如果我在不使用MVC的情况下使用@SpringBootTest批注，则可以成功获取测试，以通过application.yaml中的配置注入本地DSLContext.测试设置与此类似:

The API service is a different story. If I use the @SpringBootTest annotation with no MVC I can successfully get the tests to inject a local DSLContext with configuration from the application.yaml. Test set up similar to this:

@SpringBootTest
public class CustomersControllerTests {

  @Autowired
  private Gson gson;

  @Autowired
  DSLContext dsl;

  @Test
  public void addCustomerTest() {
  }

尽管我需要使用@WebMvcTest，以便初始化MockMvc，但是切换到@WebMvcTest会导致在数据访问模块中实现的服务类中注入失败.注入无法在查询服务类中找到DSLContext bean.我像这样设置测试:

What I need though is to use @WebMvcTest so that MockMvc is initialized but switching to @WebMvcTest causes injection to fail in the service class implemented in the data access module. The injection fails to find the DSLContext bean within the query service class. I set up the test like this:

@WebMvcTest
public class CustomersControllerTests {

  @Autowired
  private MockMvc mockMvc;

  @Autowired
  private Gson gson;

  private static final String testSub = "329e6764-3809-4e47-ac48-a52881045787";

  @Test
  public void addCustomerTest() {

    var newCustomer = new Customer().firstName("John").lastName("Doe");
    mockMvc.perform(post("/customers").content(gson.toJson(newCustomer)).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
        .with(jwt().jwt(jwt -> jwt.claim("sub", testSub)))).andExpect(status().isNotImplemented());
  }

这是实际错误:

2020-02-25 18:14:33.655  WARN 10776 --- [           main] o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext   : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customersController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field '_customersService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customersService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field '_queryService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'queryService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field '_dsl'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.jooq.DSLContext' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

因此，我知道测试应用程序配置是正确的，因为它在不使用MVC注释时可以工作.另外，我可以在API项目测试中创建DSLContext，并且实际上可以在测试之外运行API服务.

So, I know the test application configuration is correct because it works when not using MVC annotation. Also, I can create a DSLContext in the API project tests and I can actually run the API service outside the test.

那么，为什么在使用MVC测试设置时找不到DSLContext?

So, why cant the DSLContext be found when using the MVC test setup?

推荐答案

这可能是因为@WebMvcTest完全禁用了Spring Boot的自动配置，并且只扫描了.Controller所需的@Controllers和其他一些选择类. ..MVC测试..

This might be because @WebMvcTest fully disables Spring Boot's Autoconfiguration and only scans in @Controllers and a few other select classes, that you need for your ..well...MVC tests..

Spring文档建议针对您的情况执行此操作:

The Spring documentation recommends doing this in your case:

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