spring-boot属性不是@Autowired

问题描述

我正在尝试启动Spring-boot应用程序，但不确定在这里我做错了什么.我在src/main/resources&中有一个application.properties文件.src/test/resources.我有一个@Bean用于我的ConfigurationSettings，以便可以在我的整个应用程序中使用它们:

I am trying to get a Spring-boot application going and I am not sure what I am doing wrong here. I have a application.properties file at src/main/resources & src/test/resources. I have an @Bean for my ConfigurationSettings so that I can use them throughout my application:

@Component
public class ConfigurationSettings {

private String product;
private String version;
private String copyright;
private String appName;
private String appDescription;
...
// getters and setters

}

这是我启动应用程序的方式:

Here is how I kick the application off:

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@PropertySources(value = {@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")})
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.product")
@EnableScheduling
public class OFAC {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run( OFAC.class, args );
}

这是我的配置类:

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.product"})
@PropertySources(value = {@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")})
public class OFAConfiguration {

     @Autowired
     private Environment env;

     @Bean
     public ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings() {
         ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings = new ConfigurationSettings();
         configurationSettings.setAppDescription( env.getRequiredProperty("app.description" ) );
         configurationSettings.setAppName( env.getRequiredProperty( "app.name" ) );
         configurationSettings.setServerPort( env.getRequiredProperty( "server.port" ) );
         return configurationSettings;
    }

我正在尝试在控制器中使用它

I am trying to use it in a controller:

@RestController
public class AboutController {

   @Autowired
   private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/about", method = RequestMethod.GET)
   public About index() {

     String product = configurationSettings.getProduct();
     String version = configurationSettings.getVersion();
     String copyright = configurationSettings.getCopyright();
    return new About( product, version, copyright );
   }
}

但是，通过此步骤时，ConfigurationSettings的所有值均为null.我有一个可以成功加载值的测试:

However, when step thru this, all the values of ConfigurationSettings are null. I do have a test that successfully loads the values:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {OFAConfiguration.class})
public class OFAConfigurationTest {
  @Autowired
  private Environment environment;

  @Autowired
  private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

  @Test
  public void testConfigurationLoads() {
    assertNotNull(environment);
    Assert.assertNotNull(configurationSettings);
  }

  @Test
  public void testConfigurationSettingValues() {
     assertEquals("Product Name", configurationSettings.getProduct());
    assertEquals("0.0.1", configurationSettings.getVersion());
    assertEquals("2014 Product", configurationSettings.getCopyright());
 }

任何人都可以看到为什么未在我的控制器中填充ConfigurationSettings吗?

Can anyone see why the ConfigurationSettings are not being populated in my Controller?

推荐答案

您的配置导致 ConfigurationSettings 类的2个实例，并且一个实例可能会覆盖另一个实例.

Your configuration leads to 2 instances of the ConfigurationSettings class and probably one instance overrides the other.

在扫描组件( @ComponentScan )时，"ConfigurationSettings"具有 @Component 批注，这将导致一个实例.您还有一个 @Bean 注释的方法，该方法也可以导致实例.后者被第一个覆盖.

The 'ConfigurationSettings' has the @Component annotation as you are scanning for components (@ComponentScan) this will lead to an instance. You also have a @Bean annotated method which also leads to an instance. The latter is overridden with the first.

简而言之，删除 @Component 批注，因为您已经有了该类的工厂方法，因此不需要此批注.

In short remove the @Component annotation as that isn't needed because you already have a factory method for this class.

public class ConfigurationSettings { ... }

您还应该删除 @PropertySource 批注，因为Spring-Boot已经为您加载了 application.properties .

You should also remove the @PropertySource annotations as Spring-Boot will already load the application.properties for you.

最后，您不应在测试类上使用 @ContextConfiguration 批注，而应在 @SpringApplicationConfiguration 上传递应用程序类(而不是配置类！).

Finally you should not use the @ContextConfiguration annotation on your test class but the @SpringApplicationConfiguration and pass in your application class (not your configuration class!).

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes=OFAC.class)
public class OFAConfigurationTest {

    @Autowired
    private Environment environment;

    @Autowired
    private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

    @Test
    public void testConfigurationLoads() {
        assertNotNull(environment);
        assertNotNull(configurationSettings);
    }

    @Test
    public void testConfigurationSettingValues() {
        assertEquals("Product Name", configurationSettings.getProduct());
        assertEquals("0.0.1", configurationSettings.getVersion());
        assertEquals("2014 Product", configurationSettings.getCopyright());
    }

这将解决您的运行时配置问题，并使您的测试使用Spring Boot的功能来配置您的应用程序.

This will fix your runtime configuration problems and will let your test use the power of Spring Boot to configure your application.

这篇关于spring-boot属性不是@Autowired的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！