问题描述
我想在Google Colaboratory的Selenium Python软件包中使用geckodriver.这是我尝试过的(我不是Ubuntu专家)
I want to use geckodriver in Google Colaboratory with Selenium Python package. Here is what I tried (I'm not an expert in Ubuntu)
!pip install selenium
!apt-get update
!apt install firefox-geckodriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options as FirefoxOptions
firefox_options = FirefoxOptions()
firefox_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'/usr/bin/firefox', options=firefox_options)
此处r'/usr/bin/firefox是错误的.我很困惑.有什么解决方案?感谢您的帮助.
Here r'/usr/bin/firefox is wrong. I'm confused. What can be the solution? Any help is appreciated.
推荐答案
executable_path
executable_path 是用户可以通过其传递 GeckoDriver 二进制文件的绝对路径并覆盖系统路径的参数. GeckoDriver 二进制文件用于Firefox 47.0.1及更高版本.
executable_path
executable_path is the parameter through which users can pass the absolute path of the GeckoDriver binary overriding the system path of GeckoDriver binary to be used for Firefox 47.0.1 and greater.
示例
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
options = Options()
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\geckodriver.exe')
driver.get("http://google.com/")
但是在代码测试中，您通过了 Firefox 二进制文件的绝对路径而不是 GeckoDriver 二进制文件.如果您的用例也要通过 Firefox 二进制文件的绝对路径，则可以使用以下代码行:
But in your code trials you have passed the absolute path of the Firefox binary instead of the GeckoDriver binary. If your usecase is to pass the absolute path of the Firefox binary as well you can use the following line of code:
from selenium import webdriver
binary = r'C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe'
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.binary = binary
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("--headless")
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options, executable_path="C:\\Utility\\BrowserDrivers\\geckodriver.exe")
browser.get('http://google.com/')
Google协作平台中的GeckoDriver
您需要安装geckodriver，firefox和selenium，并将路径添加到系统中的path变量中，或在bin目录中复制，然后可以使用以下解决方案:
GeckoDriver in Google-Colaboratory
You need to install the geckodriver, firefox and selenium and add the path to your path variable within your system or copy within the bin directory and you can use the following solution:
# install firefox, geckodriver, and selenium
!apt-get update
!pip install selenium
!apt install firefox-geckodriver
!cp /usr/lib/geckodriver /usr/bin
!cp /usr/lib/firefox /usr/bin
from selenium import webdriver
binary = '/usr/bin/firefox'
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.binary = binary
options.add_argument('start-maximized')
options.add_argument('--headless')
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options, executable_path='/usr/bin/geckodriver')
browser.get('http://google.com/')
更新1
根据您在注释中提到的错误，因为使用的是ipython，所以选项应在单引号中作为start-maximized和--headless传递.此外，在指定executable_path时，在 raw string literals marker 和 string
Update 1
As per the error you mentioned within the comments, as you are using ipython the options should be passed within single quotes as start-maximized and --headless. Additionally, while specifying executable_path there shouldn't be any space character between the raw string literals marker and the string
更新2
对于 GeckoDriver ， Selenium 和 Firefox浏览器兼容性图表，您可以在
Update 2
For GeckoDriver, Selenium and Firefox Browser compatibility chart you can find a relevant discussion in WebDriverException: Message: invalid argument: can't kill an exited process with GeckoDriver, Selenium and Python on RaspberryPi3
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