python继承:使用参数选择父类

问题描述

我在设计一些类时遇到问题.我希望我的用户能够通过传入角色类型的参数(例如战斗机/巫师)来使用 Character() 类.

I'm having trouble designing some classes. I want my user to be able to use the Character() class by passing in an argument for the type of character (e.g. fighter/wizard).

虚拟代码:

class CharClass():
    def __init__(self, level):
        self.level = level

class Fighter(CharClass):
    # fighter stuff
    pass

class Wizard(CharClass):
    # wizard stuff
    pass

class Character(): #?
    def __init__(self, char_class):
        # should inherit from Fighter/Wizard depending on the char_class arg
        pass

例如调用后:c = Character(char_class='Wizard')我希望 c 从 Wizard 类继承所有属性/方法.我有很多类，所以我想避免为每个类编写单独的类，我想要一个用户(角色)的入口点.

For example, after calling:c = Character(char_class='Wizard')I want c to inherit all the attributes/methods from the Wizard class.I have lots of classes so I want to avoid writing separate classes for each, I want a single entrance point for a user (Character).

问题:可以这样做吗?或者这是一种愚蠢的方法吗?

Question: can it be done this way? Or is this a silly way to approach it?

推荐答案

您可以利用 type 函数的鲜为人知的特性:

You can make use of the less known feature of the type function:

def Character(char_class):
    return type("Character", (char_class,), {})

type 可用于动态创建类.第一个参数是类名，第二个是要继承的类，第三个是初始属性.

type can be used to dynamically create a class. First parameter is the class name, second are the classes to inherit from and third are the initial attributes.

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