Windows批处理脚本*（明星）读为文本？

问题描述

我正在写一个批处理脚本，将固定宽度的文本文件转换为.csv格式。这是我到目前为止写的：

  @echo off 
 setlocal enabledelayedexpansion 
 
 
 for / Ftokens = *%% A in（HRV * .txt）do（
 set var = %% A 
 set mer =！var：〜6,11！
 set cr =！var：〜18,19！
 
 set dt =！var：〜42,30！
 set aa =！var：〜72,30！
 set ab =！var：〜102,30！
 set ac =！var：〜132,15！
 
 set ad =！var：〜147,30！
 set ae =！var：〜177,30！
 
 set af =！var：〜283,36！
 
 set ag =！var：〜318,3！ 
 set ah =！var：〜329,7！
 set ai =！var：〜337,17！
 set aj =！var：〜442,2！
 set ak =！var：〜460,15！
 set al =！var：〜475,2！
 set am =！var：〜482,15！
 
 set y =！mer！！！cr !,！dt！，！aa！，！ab！，！ac！，！ad！，！ae！，=！ ，！ag！，=ah，ai，aj，=ak，al，=am
 echo！y！ b $ b）
 
暂停
  

问题是， ，程序无法完成，并输出系统找不到文件HRV * .txt。然后我改为for循环到

  for / Ftokens = *%% A in（* .txt）do .. 
  

但是错误刚刚更改为系统找不到文件* .txt p>

看来，星号*正在读取为文本？这与tokens + *有什么关系？如何让脚本运行在任何文件以HRV开头？

解决方案

for / f 使用另一个简单替换

：

  for %% X in（HRV * .txt）do（
 for / Ftokens = *%% A in（%% X）do（
 ... etc. 
）
）
  

顺便说一下：你的重定向方式很慢。打开目标文件，写入一行文件并重新关闭文件打开和关闭文件是非常耗时的，你可以通过打开和关闭一次来避免它，而不是：

  for / l %% a in（1,1,10000）do（
 echo something>> file.txt 
 ）
  

这需要约27秒，do：

 （
 for / l %% a in（1,1,10000）do（
 echo something 
）
）> ; file.txt 
  

这需要大约170 ms 。 （Ymmv - 次取决于您的计算机系统）

I'm writing a batch script to convert a fixed-width text file to .csv format. Here's what I've written so far:

@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion


    for /F "tokens=*" %%A in (HRV*.txt) do (
    set var=%%A
    set mer=!var:~6,11!
    set cr=!var:~18,19!

    set dt=!var:~42,30!
    set aa=!var:~72,30!
    set ab=!var:~102,30!
    set ac=!var:~132,15!

    set ad=!var:~147,30!
    set ae=!var:~177,30!

    set af=!var:~283,36!

    set ag=!var:~318,3!
    set ah=!var:~329,7!
    set ai=!var:~337,17!
    set aj=!var:~442,2!
    set ak=!var:~460,15!
    set al=!var:~475,2!
    set am=!var:~482,15!

    set y=!mer!.!cr!,"!dt!","!aa!","!ab!","!ac!","!ad!","!ae!",="!af!","!ag!",="ah","ai","aj",="ak","al",="am"
    echo !y!>> converted.csv
    )

pause

The problem is that when I run it, the program fails to complete, and outputs "The system cannot find the file HRV*.txt". I then changed for loop to

for /F "tokens=*" %%A in (*.txt) do ( ...

But the error just changed to "The system cannot find the file *.txt"

It seems that the star * is being read as text? does this have something to do with "tokens+*"? How can I make it so that the script will run on any file that starts with HRV?

解决方案

for /f expects a single file name and is not capable of using wildcards. Use another plain for around:

for %%X in (HRV*.txt) do (
  for /F "tokens=*" %%A in (%%X) do (
    ... etc. etc.
  )
)

by the way: your way of redirecting is very slow. The destination file is opened, one line is written and the file is closed again. Opening and closing a file is very time consuming. You can avoid it by opening and closing it just one time. Instead of:

for /l %%a in (1,1,10000) do (
  echo something>>file.txt
)

which needs about 27 seconds, do:

(
  for /l %%a in (1,1,10000) do (
    echo something
  )
)>file.txt

which needs about 170 ms. (Ymmv - times depends on your computer system)

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