实现 strStr()

解法一:穷举法
解法二:KMP算法
import com.google.common.base.Strings;

public class LeetCode_028 {
    /**
     * 穷举法
     *
     * @param haystack
     * @param needle
     * @return
     */
    public static int strStr(String haystack, String needle) {
        if (needle == null || needle.length() == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        if (haystack == null || haystack.length() == 0 || haystack.length() < needle.length()) {
            return -1;
        }
        int first = 0;
        while (first < haystack.length()) {
            int matchCount = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < needle.length() && (i + first) < haystack.length(); i++) {
                if (needle.charAt(i) == haystack.charAt(i + first)) {
                    matchCount++;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (matchCount == needle.length()) {
                return first;
            } else {
                first++;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * KMP算法
     *
     * @param haystack 原串
     * @param needle   匹配串
     * @return
     */
    public static int strStr2(String haystack, String needle) {
        if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(needle)) {
            return 0;
        }
        // 分别获取原串和匹配串的长度
        int haystackLength = haystack.length(), needleLength = needle.length();
        // 原串和匹配串前面都加一个空格,使其下标从1开始
        haystack = " " + haystack;
        needle = " " + needle;

        char[] haystackList = haystack.toCharArray();
        char[] needleList = needle.toCharArray();

        // 构建 next 数组,数组长度为匹配串的长度(next 数组是和匹配串相关的)
        int[] next = new int[needleLength + 1];
        // 构造过程 i = 2, j = 0 开始,i 小于等于匹配串长度【构造 i 从 2 开始】
        for (int i = 2, j = 0; i <= needleLength; i++) {
            // 匹配不成功的话,j = next[j]
            while (j > 0 && needleList[i] != needleList[j + 1]) {
                j = next[j];
            }
            // 匹配成功的话,先让 j++
            if (needleList[i] == needleList[j + 1]) {
                j++;
            }
            // 更新 next[i],结束本次循环, i++
            next[i] = j;
        }

        // 匹配过程,i = 1, j = 0 开始,i 小于等于原串长度【匹配 i 从 1 开始】
        for (int i = 1, j = 0; i <= haystackLength; i++) {
            // 匹配不成功 j = next[j]
            while (j > 0 && haystackList[i] != needleList[j + 1]) {
                j = next[j];
            }
            // 匹配成功的话,先让 j++,结束本次循环后 i++
            if (haystackList[i] == needleList[j + 1]) {
                j++;
            }
            // 整一段都匹配成功,直接返回下标
            if (j == needleLength) {
                return i - needleLength;
            }
        }

        return -1;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(strStr("mississippi", "issi"));

        System.out.println(strStr2("mississippi", "issi"));
    }
}
03-05 15:33