我将从https网页获取信息。但是下载的数据已编码且难以辨认。
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如何将SSL证书放入HttpWebRequest类？
class MyHttpWebRequest : IDisposable
{
private static int Count = 0;
private HttpWebRequest request;
private Stream dataStream;
private string Status { get; set; }
private string userAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36";
private string accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8";
private string acceptLanguage = "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9";
private string acceptEncoding = "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br";
private string host;
private X509Certificate2 clientCertificates;
private String referer { get; set; } = "";
private CookieCollection cookieCollection { get; set; } = null;
public MyHttpWebRequest()
{
Count++;
clientCertificates = new X509Certificate2(@"mahan.cer");
//clientCertificates = X509Certificate.CreateFromCertFile(@"mahan.cer");//(@"LocalAuthority.crt");
//ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = true;
//ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Ssl3;
//ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
//ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Ssl3 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls | SecurityProtocolType.Tls11 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
//WebRequestHandler handler = new WebRequestHandler();
//X509Certificate2 certificate = GetMyX509Certificate();
//handler.ClientCertificates.Add(certificate);
//HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler);
}
public MyHttpWebRequest(string host) : this()
{
this.host = host;
}
~MyHttpWebRequest()
{
Count--;
}
public string GetResponse()
{
try
{
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
if (cookieCollection == null) cookieCollection = new CookieCollection();
cookieCollection.Add(response.Cookies);
this.Status = response.StatusDescription;
dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
// Clean up the streams.
reader.Close();
//dataStream.Close();
response.Close();
//clientCertificates = new X509Certificate2(request.ServicePoint.Certificate);
this.Status = "Successful";
return responseFromServer;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Status = ex.Message;
return ex.ToString();
}
}
public string SetRequest(string url)
{
try
{
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "GET";
request.UserAgent = userAgent;
request.Accept = accept;
request.Headers.Add(acceptLanguage);
request.Headers.Add(acceptEncoding);
request.KeepAlive = true;
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
if (cookieCollection != null)
request.CookieContainer.Add(cookieCollection);
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Referer = referer;
referer = url;
request.Host = host;
//request.ClientCertificates.Clear();
request.ClientCertificates.Add(clientCertificates);
request.PreAuthenticate = true;
this.Status = "Successful";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Status = ex.ToString();
}
return this.ToString();
}
public string SetRequest(string url, string method)
{
try
{
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
if (method.Equals("GET") || method.Equals("POST"))
{
request.Method = method;
}
else
{
throw new Exception("Invalid Method Type");
}
request.UserAgent = userAgent;
request.Accept = accept;
request.Headers.Add(acceptLanguage);
request.Headers.Add(acceptEncoding);
request.KeepAlive = true;
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
if (cookieCollection != null)
request.CookieContainer.Add(cookieCollection);
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Referer = referer;
referer = url;
request.Host = host;
//request.ClientCertificates.Clear();
request.ClientCertificates.Add(clientCertificates);
request.PreAuthenticate = true;
this.Status = "Successful";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Status = ex.ToString();
}
return this.ToString();
}
public string SetRequest(string url, string method, string data)
{
try
{
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
if (method.Equals("GET") || method.Equals("POST"))
{
request.Method = method;
}
else
{
throw new Exception("Invalid Method Type");
}
request.UserAgent = userAgent;
request.Accept = accept;
request.Headers.Add(acceptLanguage);
request.Headers.Add(acceptEncoding);
request.KeepAlive = true;
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
if (cookieCollection != null)
request.CookieContainer.Add(cookieCollection);
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Referer = referer;
referer = url;
request.Host = host;
//request.ClientCertificates.Clear();
request.ClientCertificates.Add(clientCertificates);
request.PreAuthenticate = true;
byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
dataStream.Close();
this.Status = "Successful";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Status = ex.Message;
}
return this.Status;
}
public string SetRequest(string url, string method, string data, string contentType)
{
try
{
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
if (method.Equals("GET") || method.Equals("POST"))
{
request.Method = method;
}
else
{
throw new Exception("Invalid Method Type");
}
request.UserAgent = userAgent;
request.Accept = accept;
request.Headers.Add(acceptLanguage);
request.Headers.Add(acceptEncoding);
request.KeepAlive = true;
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
if (cookieCollection != null)
request.CookieContainer.Add(cookieCollection);
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
request.ContentType = contentType;
request.Referer = referer;
referer = url;
request.Host = host;
//request.ClientCertificates.Clear();
request.ClientCertificates.Add(clientCertificates);
request.PreAuthenticate = true;
byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
dataStream.Close();
this.Status = "Successful";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Status = ex.Message;
}
return this.Status;
}
public void Dispose()
{
request.Abort();
request = null;
dataStream.Close();
dataStream.Dispose();
dataStream = null;
}
}
最佳答案
如何将SSL证书放入HttpWebRequest类？
您的问题与SSL根本无关。
private string acceptEncoding = "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br";
...
request.Headers.Add(acceptEncoding);
使用此代码，您可以明确告诉服务器您将支持各种内容压缩算法。只是，这是一个谎言，因为您在读取响应时不处理压缩。
\u001f�\ b \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0
这看起来是gzip数据流的开始。它以十六进制\ x1f \ x8b开头，但是您误认为它不是UTF-8。
修复此部分的最简单方法是从请求中删除
Accept-Encoding或使用Accept-Encoding: identity表示您不接受任何压缩。这样，行为良好的服务器将无需任何压缩即可将您的身体发送给您。关于c# - 如何使用HttpWebRequest实现SSL？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48606437/