我开始学习 Prolog。该程序尝试获取给定元素的所有出现次数:
occurences(_, [], Res):- Res is [].
occurences(X, [X|T], Res):-
occurences(X,T,TMP),
Res is [X,TMP].
occurences(X, [_|T], Res):- occurences(X,T,Res).
但这里是错误:
?- occurences(a,[a,b,c,a],Res).
ERROR: is/2: Arithmetic: `[]/0' is not a function
^ Exception: (11) _G525 is [] ? creep
Exception: (10) occurences(a, [], _G524) ? creep
Exception: (9) occurences(a, [a], _G524) ? creep
Exception: (8) occurences(a, [c, a], _G524) ? creep
Exception: (7) occurences(a, [b, c, a], _G524) ? creep
Exception: (6) occurences(a, [a, b, c, a], _G400) ? creep
最佳答案
除了其他人写的内容之外,请考虑使用 dif/2 约束:
occurrences(_, [], []).
occurrences(X, [X|Ls], [X|Rest]) :-
occurrences(X, Ls, Rest).
occurrences(X, [L|Ls], Rest) :-
dif(X, L),
occurrences(X, Ls, Rest).
您现在可以在所有方向上使用谓词,例如:
?- occurrences(X, [a,a,b], Os).
X = a,
Os = [a, a] ;
X = b,
Os = [b] ;
Os = [],
dif(X, b),
dif(X, a),
dif(X, a) ;
false.
最后一个解决方案意味着如果 X 与
a
和 b
不同,则出现列表为空。关于recursion - 在 Prolog 中查找每个 X 列表的程序,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13662139/