一些上下文:我们有一个自定义 XSD 并使用 WSCF.blue 生成 WSDL 和 C# 代码。客户端使用 ChannelFactory<T> 并共享接口(interface),其中包括 WSCF.blue 添加的所有属性以匹配 XSD 中的内容。

我正在尝试实现 IErrorHandler.ProvideFault ,它提供了一个通用的 FaultException<T> ,但在客户端我得到了一个非通用的 FaultContract 。这是我的 ProvideFault 方法的样子:

public void ProvideFault(Exception error, MessageVersion version, ref Message fault)
{
    if (!(error is FaultException))
    {
        FaultException faultException = FaultExceptionFactory.CreateFaultException(error);
        MessageFault messageFault = faultException.CreateMessageFault();
        fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, messageFault, faultException.Action);
    }
}

在每个服务方法中,如果我使用 throw FaultExceptionFactory.CreateFaultException(ex) 进行 try/catch 它会按预期工作,所以我认为 [FaultContract] 、工厂、绑定(bind)等都是正确的。以防万一,这就是工厂的工作方式:
BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType businessRuleFaultException = new BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType();
BusinessRuleFaultException.Code = exception.Code.ToString();
BusinessRuleFaultException.Reason = exception.Message;
return new FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>(
    businessRuleFaultException,
    exception.Message,
    new FaultCode(exception.Code.ToString())
);

我认为问题在于如何在 IErrorHandler 中创建消息,也许在 CreateMessageFault() 中。我读过操作应该是 faultException.Action 而不是 null ,但实际上 faultException.Actionnull 。也许这是导致问题的原因。我可以在工厂中设置一个 Action ,但是该 Action 应该是什么,为什么手动 throw 时不显示?

我可能缺少的任何其他想法?

编辑:
我检查了 WSDL 并找到了我正在调用的特定操作及其操作:
<wsdl:operation name="MyMethod">
<wsdl:fault wsaw:Action="http://myNamespace/MyMethodBusinessRuleFaultExceptionTypeFault" name="BusinessRuleFaultExceptionTypeFault" message="tns:..."/>

我尝试对 action: Message.CreateMessage(..., "http://myNamespace/MyMethodBusinessRuleFaultExceptionTypeFault") 进行硬编码并将其设置为工厂中的 .Action ,但这仍然不起作用。

编辑 2:
throw/catch 生成以下 XML,它允许捕获客户端上的通用异常:
<s:Fault>
    <faultcode xmlns="">s:-100</faultcode>
    <faultstring xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="">xxx</faultstring>
    <detail xmlns="">
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns="http://myNamespace/Services" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
            <Code xmlns="http://myNamespace/Entitites">-100</Code>
            <Reason xmlns="http://myNamespace/Entitites">xxx</Reason>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
    </detail>
</s:Fault>
IHttpErrorHandler 生成以下内容,这些内容转到非通用 FaultException :
<s:Fault>
    <faultcode xmlns="">s:-100</faultcode>
    <faultstring xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="">xxx</faultstring>
    <detail xmlns="">
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/My.Dot.Net.Namespace" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <codeField>-100</codeField>
            <reasonField>xxx</reasonField>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
    </detail>
</s:Fault>

编辑 3:
如果我将 [DataContract][DataMember] 添加到 BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType ,那么我会得到几乎正确的 XML:
<s:Fault>
    <faultcode xmlns="">s:-100</faultcode>
    <faultstring xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="">xxx</faultstring>
    <detail xmlns="">
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns="http://myNamespace/Services" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <Code>-100</Code>
            <Reason>xxx</Reason>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
    </detail>
</s:Fault>

它缺少代码和原因的命名空间。至少我认为这缩小了范围。常规序列化使用 [XmlType][XmlElement] ,而 IErrorHandler 使用 [DataContract][DataMember] 。不幸的是 [DataMember] 不允许你设置命名空间,所以我认为现在的问题是如何在 IErrorHandler 中使用 XMLSerializer 。这描述了我的问题,但由于上述原因,此修复程序不起作用:http://twenty6-jc.blogspot.com/2011/05/ierrorhandlerprovidefault-serialization.html

编辑 4:
我部分地发现了这个问题。我们正在使用 XmlSerializer ,但由于 IErrorHandler 超出了操作范围,它会恢复为默认的 DataContractSerializer 。解决方案是更改您的服务以在任何地方使用 DataContractSerializer,或者在创建故障时手动选择 XmlSerializer。这两篇文章提供了我所需要的:

http://twenty6-jc.blogspot.com/2011/05/ierrorhandlerprovidefault-serialization.html
http://zamd.net/2008/08/15/serializing-faults-using-xmlserializer/

这让我非常接近。它与工作 XML 相同,除了缺少异常类型的命名空间:
<s:Fault>
    <faultcode xmlns="">s:-100</faultcode>
    <faultstring xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="">xxx</faultstring>
    <detail xmlns="">
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
            <Code xmlns="http://myNamespace/Entitites">-100</Code>
            <Reason xmlns="http://myNamespace/Entitites">xxx</Reason>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
    </detail>
</s:Fault>

我假设它没有添加 xmlns="http://myNamespace/Services" 因为它没有请求的上下文。该 namespace 是在接口(interface)中定义的,而不是在数据协定中定义的。我真的会被迫留在请求的上下文中(希望 IOperationInvoker 有效),而不是使用 IHttpHandler 吗?

最佳答案

我对 WSCF.blue 没有任何经验,因此我尝试制作一个示例应用程序来演示使用标准 WCF 客户端和服务器的工作场景。也许它将帮助您找到丢失的连接以使您的方案工作。

我将您的 BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType 代码 Reason 属性一起使用。 BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType 是 WCF 故障合约。

我有点懒惰,在单个控制台应用程序中实现了所有代码。 Wcf 客户端使用与 Wcf 服务相同的 Datacontracts 和 ICalculator 接口(interface)。对不起代码。这将是一个很长的帖子。

首先是数据契约和服务接口(interface)

using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher;

[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://UE.ServiceModel.Samples")]
public interface ICalculator
{
    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Add(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Subtract(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Multiply(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Divide(double n1, double n2);
}

/// <summary>
/// General fault structure.
/// </summary>
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
public sealed class BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType
{
    [DataMember]
    public int Code { get; set; }

    [DataMember]
    public string Reason { get; set; }
}

现在,服务实现:
[ErrorBehavior(typeof(MyErrorHandler))]
public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
{
    public double Add(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 + n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Add({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        throw new ArgumentException("My exception");
        return result;
    }

    public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 - n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Subtract({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }

    public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 * n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Multiply({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }

    public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 / n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Divide({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }
}

和客户端实现:
public class Client : ClientBase<ICalculator>, ICalculator
{

    public double Add(double n1, double n2)
    {
        try
        {
            return base.Channel.Add(n1, n2);
        }
        catch (FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType> ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("This is my Code: {0}. This is the reason: {1}", ex.Detail.Code, ex.Detail.Reason);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

演示此示例的主程序
internal class Program
{
    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        ServiceHost myServiceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService));

        // Open the ServiceHostBase to create listeners and start listening for messages.
        myServiceHost.Open();

        // The service can now be accessed.
        Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
        Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.ReadLine();

        Console.WriteLine("Sending data from client to service.");
        Client c = new Client();
        var res = c.Add(1, 2);

        Console.ReadLine();
    }

}

错误处理的实现:
/// <summary>
/// Helper class for exception repackaging.
/// </summary>
internal class MyExceptionHandler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Handles thrown exception into internal exceptions that are being sent over to client.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error">Exception thrown.</param>
    /// <returns>Repackaged exception.</returns>
    internal static Exception HandleError(Exception error)
    {
        // could do something here.
        return error;
    }
}

#region Behaviour
/// <summary>
/// Control the fault message returned to the caller and optionally perform custom error processing such as logging.
/// </summary>
public sealed class MyErrorHandler : IErrorHandler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provide a fault. The Message fault parameter can be replaced, or set to null to suppress reporting a fault.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error">The <see cref="Exception"/> object thrown in the course of the service operation.</param>
    /// <param name="version">The SOAP version of the message.</param>
    /// <param name="fault">The <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message"/> object that is returned to the client, or service, in the duplex case.</param>
    public void ProvideFault(Exception error, MessageVersion version, ref Message fault)
    {
        //If it's a FaultException already, then we have nothing to do
        if (error is FaultException)
            return;

        error = MyExceptionHandler.HandleError(error);

        var serviceDebug = OperationContext.Current.EndpointDispatcher.ChannelDispatcher.IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults;

        BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType f = new BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType
        {
            Code = -100,
            Reason = "xxx"
        };

        FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType> faultException = new FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>(f, error.Message);
        MessageFault faultMessage = faultException.CreateMessageFault();
        fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, faultMessage, faultException.Action);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Enables error-related processing and returns a value that indicates whether the dispatcher aborts the session and the instance context in certain cases.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error">The exception thrown during processing.</param>
    /// <returns>true if Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) should not abort the session (if there is one) and instance context if the instance context is not Single; otherwise, false. The default is false.</returns>
    public bool HandleError(Exception error)
    {
        // could use some logger like Nlog but as an example it will do.
        Console.WriteLine("Error occured. {0}", error);

        return true;
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// This attribute is used to install a custom error handler for a service
/// </summary>
public sealed class ErrorBehaviorAttribute : Attribute, IServiceBehavior
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Type of component to which this error handled should be bound
    /// </summary>
    private readonly Type errorHandlerType;

    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the ErrorBehaviorAttribute class.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="errorHandlerType">Type of component to which this error handled should be bound</param>
    public ErrorBehaviorAttribute(Type errorHandlerType)
    {
        this.errorHandlerType = errorHandlerType;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Type of component to which this error handled should be bound
    /// </summary>
    public Type ErrorHandlerType
    {
        get { return errorHandlerType; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides the ability to inspect the service host and the service description to confirm that the service can run successfully.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="description">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceDescription"/></para>
    /// <para>The service description.</para>
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="serviceHostBase">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase"/></para>
    /// <para>The service host that is currently being constructed.</para>
    /// </param>
    void IServiceBehavior.Validate(ServiceDescription description, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase)
    {
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides the ability to pass custom data to binding elements to support the contract implementation.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="description">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceDescription"/></para>
    /// <para>The service description.</para>
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="serviceHostBase">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase"/></para>
    /// <para>The host of the service.</para>
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="endpoints">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection&lt;ServiceEndpoint&gt;"/></para>
    /// <para>The service endpoints.</para>
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="parameters">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingParameterCollection"/></para>
    /// <para>Custom objects to which binding elements have access.</para>
    /// </param>
    void IServiceBehavior.AddBindingParameters(ServiceDescription description, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase, System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection<ServiceEndpoint> endpoints, BindingParameterCollection parameters)
    {
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides the ability to change run-time property values or insert custom extension objects such as error handlers, message or parameter interceptors, security extensions, and other custom extension objects.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="description">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Description.ServiceDescription"/></para>
    /// <para>The service description.</para>
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="serviceHostBase">
    /// <para>Type: <see cref="System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase"/></para>
    /// <para>The host that is currently being built.</para>
    /// </param>
    void IServiceBehavior.ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceDescription description, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase)
    {
        IErrorHandler errorHandler;

        try
        {
            errorHandler = (IErrorHandler)Activator.CreateInstance(errorHandlerType);
        }
        catch (MissingMethodException e)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("The errorHandlerType specified in the ErrorBehaviorAttribute constructor must have a public empty constructor.", e);
        }
        catch (InvalidCastException e)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("The errorHandlerType specified in the ErrorBehaviorAttribute constructor must implement System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.IErrorHandler.", e);
        }

        foreach (ChannelDispatcherBase channelDispatcherBase in serviceHostBase.ChannelDispatchers)
        {
            ChannelDispatcher channelDispatcher = channelDispatcherBase as ChannelDispatcher;
            channelDispatcher.ErrorHandlers.Add(errorHandler);
        }
    }
}

#endregion

我的控制台应用程序的 app.config:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <startup>
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
  </startup>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="http://localhost:12345/service/calc" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="ConsoleApplication2.ICalculator" >
      </endpoint>
    </client>
    <services>
      <service name="ConsoleApplication2.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="service">
        <endpoint address="http://localhost:12345/service/calc" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="ConsoleApplication2.ICalculator" >
        </endpoint>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:12345/service/calc" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>

    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="service">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

我使用 WCF 测试客户端发送此请求:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <s:Header>
    <Action s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/addressing/none">http://UE.ServiceModel.Samples/ICalculator/Add</Action>
  </s:Header>
  <s:Body>
    <Add xmlns="http://UE.ServiceModel.Samples">
      <n1>0</n1>
      <n2>1</n2>
    </Add>
  </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>

并得到了这个回应:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <s:Header />
  <s:Body>
    <s:Fault>
      <faultcode>s:Client</faultcode>
      <faultstring xml:lang="sk-SK">My exception</faultstring>
      <detail>
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns="http://someurl.temp" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
          <Code>-100</Code>
          <Reason>xxx</Reason>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
      </detail>
    </s:Fault>
  </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>

当我打电话
Client c = new Client();
var res = c.Add(1, 2);

我捕获了登录到控制台的 FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType> ex
Console.WriteLine("This is my Code: {0}. This is the reason: {1}", ex.Detail.Code, ex.Detail.Reason);

编辑:我更改了 BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType 中的命名空间并将解决方案设置为使用 [XmlSerializerFormat(SupportFaults = true)]

更改了接口(interface)、数据契约和服务实现:
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://UE.ServiceModel.Samples")]
[XmlSerializerFormat(SupportFaults = true)]
public interface ICalculator
{
    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Add(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Subtract(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Multiply(double n1, double n2);

    [OperationContract(IsOneWay = false)]
    [FaultContract(typeof(BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType))]
    double Divide(double n1, double n2);
}

/// <summary>
/// General fault structure.
/// </summary>
[DataContract(Name = "BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType", Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
[XmlType("BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType", Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
public sealed class BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType
{
    //[DataMember]
    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false,Namespace = "http://namespaces2.url")]
    public int Code { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false, Namespace = "http://namespaces2.url")]
    public string Reason { get; set; }
}

[ErrorBehavior(typeof(MyErrorHandler))]
public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
{
    public double Add(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 + n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Add({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);

        throw new FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>(new BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType()
        {
            Code = -100,
            Reason = "xxx"
        });
        //throw new ArgumentException("My exception");
        return result;
    }

    public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 - n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Subtract({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }

    public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 * n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Multiply({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }

    public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
    {
        double result = n1 / n2;
        Console.WriteLine("Received Divide({0},{1})", n1, n2);
        Console.WriteLine("Return: {0}", result);
        return result;
    }
}

我找到了一篇关于 there are problems 在 IErrorHandler 中使用 XmlSerializer 的原因的文章。因此,我已将服务实现更改为在方法实现中抛出 FaultException 并且不依赖于 IErrorHandler。

我还发现了另一篇(相对较旧的)文章 how to use XmlSerializer in IErroHandler,一段时间后,我甚至可以从 IErrorHandler 进行序列化。我将 trown 异常改回了 ArgumentException。
这是所做的更改(我继续前面的示例,因此可能并不需要所有代码和属性):
[DataContract(Name = "BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType", Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
[XmlType("BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType", Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
[XmlRoot("BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType", Namespace = "http://someurl.temp")]
public sealed class BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType
{
    //[DataMember]
    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false, Namespace = "http://namespaces2.url")]
    public int Code { get; set; }

    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false, Namespace = "http://namespaces2.url")]
    public string Reason { get; set; }
}

public class XmlSerializerMessageFault : MessageFault
{
    FaultCode code;
    FaultReason reason;

    object details;

    public XmlSerializerMessageFault(FaultCode code, FaultReason reason, object details)
    {
        this.details = details;
        this.code = code;
        this.reason = reason;
    }

    public override FaultCode Code
    {
        get { return code; }
    }

    public override bool HasDetail
    {
        get { return (details != null); }
    }

    protected override void OnWriteDetailContents(System.Xml.XmlDictionaryWriter writer)
    {
        var ser = new XmlSerializer(details.GetType());
        ser.Serialize(writer, details);
        writer.Flush();
    }

    public override FaultReason Reason
    {
        get { return reason; }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Control the fault message returned to the caller and optionally perform custom error processing such as logging.
/// </summary>
public sealed class MyErrorHandler : IErrorHandler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provide a fault. The Message fault parameter can be replaced, or set to null to suppress reporting a fault.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error">The <see cref="Exception"/> object thrown in the course of the service operation.</param>
    /// <param name="version">The SOAP version of the message.</param>
    /// <param name="fault">The <see cref="System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message"/> object that is returned to the client, or service, in the duplex case.</param>
    public void ProvideFault(Exception error, MessageVersion version, ref Message fault)
    {

        BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType f = new BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType
        {
            Code = -100,
            Reason = "xxx"
        };

        // create a fault message containing our FaultContract object
        FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType> faultException = new FaultException<BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>(f, error.Message);
        MessageFault faultMessage = faultException.CreateMessageFault();

        var msgFault = new XmlSerializerMessageFault(faultMessage.Code, faultMessage.Reason, f);

        fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, msgFault, faultException.Action);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Enables error-related processing and returns a value that indicates whether the dispatcher aborts the session and the instance context in certain cases.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="error">The exception thrown during processing.</param>
    /// <returns>true if Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) should not abort the session (if there is one) and instance context if the instance context is not Single; otherwise, false. The default is false.</returns>
    public bool HandleError(Exception error)
    {
        // could use some logger like Nlog but as an example it will do.
        Console.WriteLine("Error occured. {0}", error);

        return true;
    }
}

在这两种情况下,序列化错误都是:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <s:Header />
  <s:Body>
    <s:Fault>
      <faultcode>s:Client</faultcode>
      <faultstring xml:lang="sk-SK">My exception</faultstring>
      <detail>
        <BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType xmlns="http://someurl.temp" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
          <Code xmlns="http://namespaces2.url">-100</Code>
          <Reason xmlns="http://namespaces2.url">xxx</Reason>
        </BusinessRuleFaultExceptionType>
      </detail>
    </s:Fault>
  </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>

10-08 05:04