我正在学习用它解析一个HXT文件。一个例子是GPX。到目前为止,我得到了以下信息:

import Data.Time
import Text.XML.HXT.Core

data Gpx    = Gpx [Trk]           deriving (Show)
data Trk    = Trk [TrkSeg]        deriving (Show)
data TrkSeg = TrkSeg [TrkPt]      deriving (Show)
data TrkPt  = TrkPt Double Double deriving (Show)

parseGpx =
  getChildren >>> isElem >>> hasName "gpx" >>>
  getChildren >>> isElem >>> hasName "trk" >>>
  parseGpxTrk >>> arr Gpx

parseGpxTrk = undefined
parseGpxTrkSegs = undefined

您可以看到它是不完整的,但它仍然应该输入check。不幸的是,我已经遇到了一个错误:
Couldn't match type ‘Trk’ with ‘[Trk]’
Expected type: Trk -> Gpx
  Actual type: [Trk] -> Gpx
In the first argument of ‘arr’, namely ‘Gpx’
In the second argument of ‘(>>>)’, namely ‘arr Gpx’

这个错误表示的是,我试图将每个匹配项从parseGpxTrk箭头传递到arr Gpx构造函数,但实际上我想要的是通过arr Gpx构造函数传递整个匹配列表。
那么,我如何得到HXT(或者通常是箭头?)将匹配项作为列表通过我的arr Gpx构造函数而不是通过arr Gpx构造函数传递列表中的每个条目?

最佳答案

我觉得这是个不错的解决方案

{-# LANGUAGE Arrows #-}

import Data.Maybe
import Text.Read
import Text.XML.HXT.Core
import Control.Applicative

data Gpx    = Gpx [Trk]           deriving (Show)
data Trk    = Trk [TrkSeg]        deriving (Show)
data TrkSeg = TrkSeg [TrkPt]      deriving (Show)
data TrkPt  = TrkPt Double Double deriving (Show)

最棘手的一个可能是parseTrkPt,因为为了正确地执行它,您必须处理从Strings到Double的解析,这可能会失败。我已经决定让它返回一个Maybe TrkPt,然后进一步处理这个问题:
elemsNamed :: ArrowXml cat => String -> cat XmlTree XmlTree
elemsNamed name = isElem >>> hasName name

parseTrkPt :: ArrowXml cat => cat XmlTree (Maybe TrkPt)
parseTrkPt = elemsNamed "trkpt" >>>
    proc trkpt -> do
        lat <- getAttrValue "lat" -< trkpt
        lon <- getAttrValue "lon" -< trkpt
        returnA -< TrkPt <$> readMaybe lat <*> readMaybe lon

我在这里还使用了proc语法,因为我认为它会更清晰。TrkPt <$> readMaybe lat <*> readMaybe lon的类型为Maybe TrkPt,如果其中一个Nothings返回readMaybe,则返回Nothing。我们现在可以汇总所有成功的结果:
parseTrkSeg :: (ArrowXml cat, ArrowList cat) => cat XmlTree TrkSeg
parseTrkSeg =
    elemsNamed "trkseg" >>>
    (getChildren >>> parseTrkPt >>. catMaybes) >. TrkSeg

括号在这里很重要,我花了一段时间才弄清楚那部分。根据放置paren的位置,您将得到不同的结果,例如[TrkSeg [TrkPt a b], TrkSeg [TrkPt c d]]而不是[TrkSeg [TrkPt a b, TrkPt c d]]。紧随其后的解析器都遵循类似的模式:
parseTrk :: ArrowXml cat => cat XmlTree Trk
parseTrk =
    elemsNamed "trk" >>>
    (getChildren >>> parseTrkSeg) >. Trk

parseGpx :: ArrowXml cat => cat XmlTree Gpx
parseGpx =
    elemsNamed "gpx" >>>
    (getChildren >>> parseTrk) >. Gpx

然后您可以非常简单地运行它,尽管您仍然需要钻取传递根元素:
main :: IO ()
main = do
    gpxs <- runX $ readDocument [withRemoveWS yes] "ana.gpx"
                >>> getChildren
                >>> parseGpx
    -- Pretty print the document
    forM_ gpxs $ \(Gpx trks) -> do
        putStrLn "GPX:"
        forM_ trks $ \(Trk segs) -> do
            putStrLn "\tTRK:"
            forM_ segs $ \(TrkSeg pts) -> do
                putStrLn "\t\tSEG:"
                forM_ pts $ \pt -> do
                    putStr "\t\t\t"
                    print pt

诀窍是使用ArrowList类型类中的方法,尤其是>.类型的方法。它聚合a b c -> ([c] -> d) -> a b d中的元素,将其传递给一个将其转换为新类型的函数,然后在该新类型上输出一个新的ArrowList
如果需要,甚至可以为最后3个解析器抽象一点:
nestedListParser :: ArrowXml cat => String -> cat XmlTree a -> ([a] -> b) -> cat XmlTree b
nestedListParser name subparser constructor
    =   elemsNamed name
    >>> (getChildren >>> subparser)
    >.  constructor

parseTrkSeg :: (ArrowXml cat, ArrowList cat) => cat XmlTree TrkSeg
parseTrkSeg = nestedListParser "trkseg" (parseTrkPt >>. catMaybes) TrkSeg

parseTrk :: ArrowXml cat => cat XmlTree Trk
parseTrk = nestedListParser "trk" parseTrkSeg Trk

parseGpx :: ArrowXml cat => cat XmlTree Gpx
parseGpx = nestedListParser "gpx" parseTrk Gpx

如果您想完成gpx文件的其余语法,这可能很有用。

10-07 18:00