java - 调用init方法失败；嵌套的异常是org.hibernate.AnnotationException:未为实体指定标识符

我刚刚开始学习Spring。当我尝试在Spring in Action书中对taco-cloud app进行编程时，出现“未为实体指定标识符”错误。在第3章中，我试图使用H2数据库学习JPA。

我的订单模型：

package com.example.tacocloud.models;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "Taco_Order")
public class Order implements Serializable {

    ...

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private Date placedAt;

    @ManyToMany(targetEntity=Taco.class)
    private List<Taco> tacos = new ArrayList<>();

    public void addDesign(Taco design) {
        this.tacos.add(design);
    }

    @PrePersist
    void placedAt() {
        this.placedAt = new Date();
    }

}

我的Ingredient.class看起来像这样：

package com.example.tacocloud.models;

import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;

import javax.persistence.Embeddable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Data
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor(access= AccessLevel.PRIVATE, force=true)
@Entity // if I change it to Embedded I get unmapped ManyToMany error in my Ingredient class.

public class Ingredient {
    private final String id;
    private final String name;
    private final Type type;

    public static enum Type{
        WRAP, PROTEIN, VEGGIES, CHEESE, SAUCE
    }
}

和我的炸玉米饼班：

package com.example.tacocloud.models;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@Entity
public class Taco {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private Date createdAt;

    @NotNull
    @Size(min=5, message="Name must be at least 5 characters long")
    private  String name;
    @ManyToMany(targetEntity=Ingredient.class)
    @Size(min=1, message="You must choose at least 1 ingredient")
    private List<String> ingredients;

    @PrePersist
    void createdAt() {
        this.createdAt = new Date();
    }
}

和我的SQL文件：

delete from Taco_Order_Tacos;
delete from Taco_Ingredients;
delete from Taco;
delete from Taco_Order;
delete from Ingredient;
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('FLTO', 'Flour Tortilla', 'WRAP');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('COTO', 'Corn Tortilla', 'WRAP');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('GRBF', 'Ground Beef', 'PROTEIN');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('CARN', 'Carnitas', 'PROTEIN');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('TMTO', 'Diced Tomatoes', 'VEGGIES');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('LETC', 'Lettuce', 'VEGGIES');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('CHED', 'Cheddar', 'CHEESE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('JACK', 'Monterrey Jack', 'CHEESE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('SLSA', 'Salsa', 'SAUCE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type)
                values ('SRCR', 'Sour Cream', 'SAUCE');

schema.sql：

create table if not exists Ingredient (
  id varchar(4) not null,
  name varchar(25) not null,
  type varchar(10) not null
);
create table if not exists Taco (
  id identity,
  name varchar(50) not null,
  createdAt timestamp not null
);
create table if not exists Taco_Ingredients (
  taco bigint not null,
  ingredient varchar(4) not null
);
alter table Taco_Ingredients
    add foreign key (taco) references Taco(id);
alter table Taco_Ingredients
    add foreign key (ingredient) references Ingredient(id);
create table if not exists Taco_Order (
  id identity,
    deliveryName varchar(50) not null,
    deliveryStreet varchar(50) not null,
    deliveryCity varchar(50) not null,
    deliveryState varchar(2) not null,
    deliveryZip varchar(10) not null,
    ccNumber varchar(16) not null,
    ccExpiration varchar(5) not null,
    ccCVV varchar(3) not null,
    placedAt timestamp not null
);
create table if not exists Taco_Order_Tacos (
  tacoOrder bigint not null,
  taco bigint not null
);
alter table Taco_Order_Tacos
    add foreign key (tacoOrder) references Taco_Order(id);
alter table Taco_Order_Tacos
    add foreign key (taco) references Taco(id);

顺便说一句我的application.properties：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.driver-class-name = org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect

谢谢。

最佳答案

您的类Ingredient没有@Id字段，它是不可变对象的类，不适用于序列化类-您必须像其他所有类一样具有默认构造函数。删除@NoArgsConstructor(access= AccessLevel.PRIVATE, force=true)非常奇怪，可能会使您的框架混乱