c# - ASP.NET Core 2无法解析类型为Microsoft EntityFrameworkCore DbContext的服务

当我运行asp.net core 2项目时，出现以下错误消息:



这是我的项目结构:

-- solution 'ContosoUniversity'
----- ContosoUniversity
----- ContosoUniversity.Model
----- ContosoUniversity.Service

IEntityService(相关代码):

public interface IEntityService<T> : IService
 where T : BaseEntity
{
    Task<List<T>> GetAllAsync();
}

IEntityService(相关代码):

public abstract class EntityService<T> : IEntityService<T> where T : BaseEntity
{
    protected DbContext _context;
    protected DbSet<T> _dbset;

    public EntityService(DbContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
        _dbset = _context.Set<T>();
    }

    public async virtual Task<List<T>> GetAllAsync()
    {
        return await _dbset.ToListAsync<T>();
    }
}

实体:

public abstract class BaseEntity {

}

public abstract class Entity<T> : BaseEntity, IEntity<T>
{
    public virtual T Id { get; set; }
}

IStudentService:

public interface IStudentService : IEntityService<Student>
{
    Task<Student> GetById(int Id);
}

StudentService:

public class StudentService : EntityService<Student>, IStudentService
{
    DbContext _context;

    public StudentService(DbContext context)
        : base(context)
    {
        _context = context;
        _dbset = _context.Set<Student>();
    }

    public async Task<Student> GetById(int Id)
    {
        return await _dbset.FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == Id);
    }
}

SchoolContext:

public class SchoolContext : DbContext
{
    public SchoolContext(DbContextOptions<SchoolContext> options) : base(options)
    {
    }

    public DbSet<Course> Courses { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Enrollment> Enrollments { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Student> Students { get; set; }
}

最后是我的 Startup.cs 类:

public class Startup
{
    public Startup(IConfiguration configuration, IHostingEnvironment env, IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        Configuration = configuration;

        var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
        .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
        .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
        .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true);


        Configuration = builder.Build();

    }

    public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddDbContext<SchoolContext>(option =>
            option.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));


        services.AddScoped<IStudentService, StudentService>();

        services.AddMvc();
    }

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        if (env.IsDevelopment())
        {
            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            app.UseBrowserLink();
        }
        else
        {
            app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
        }

        app.UseStaticFiles();

        app.UseMvc(routes =>
        {
            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "default",
                template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
        });
    }
}

我应该怎么做才能解决这个问题？

最佳答案

StudentService需要DbContext，但是容器不知道如何根据您当前的启动来解析它。

您可能需要将上下文显式添加到服务集合中

启动

services.AddScoped<DbContext, SchoolContext>();
services.AddScoped<IStudentService, StudentService>();

或更新StudentService构造函数，以明确期望容器知道如何解析的类型。

学生服务

public StudentService(SchoolContext context)
    : base(context)
{
    //...
}