我正在为一个客户开展项目,并决定在数据绑定(bind)和UI设计的声明方法方面利用WPF的优势。但是我在理解我的View和ViewModels之间的关系时遇到了一个巨大的问题。
我有一个UserControl(ParentUserControl)和一个子UserControl(ChildUserControl)。在此ParentUserControl中,我有一个ContentPresenter,可以容纳ChildUserControl的多个实例。 ChildUserControl有多个组合框和文本框,用于显示我的模型中的信息。通过单击“添加”按钮,用户可以根据需要在ParentUserControl中打开任意数量的ChildUserControl。在我的ParentViewModel中,我存储着用用户创建的每个ChildViewModel的实例,将新的ChildUserControl添加到ParentUserControl。用户可以通过“查看下一个”和“查看上一个”按钮浏览ChildUserControls。
所有这些都很好用,除非用户进行选择或更改任何ChildUserControl中任何控件的文本,更改会传播到用户创建的所有ChildUserControl中/为所有 View 共享一个ViewModel。在使用和不使用MVVM Light工具包的情况下,我都尝试了所有可以想到的一切(这似乎在将来可以节省很多时间)。
我的问题是,我如何才能绝对肯定地确保每次实例化一个新View时,它都会获得自己的ViewModel实例?我已经坚持了好几天!!!谢谢!
'注意:此代码不是实际产品。这只是为了演示我在实际应用程序中遇到的问题。无论如何,不要害怕用C#回答,这是我的首选语言。哦,我正在考虑使用Pure MVVM完成该项目。谢谢!!!
代码:
ParentUserControl:
<UserControl x:Class="ParentUserControl"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MVVM_Light_Test_Application"
Height="350" Width="525">
<UserControl.Resources>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:ChildUserControlViewModel}">
<local:ChildUserControl/>
</DataTemplate>
</UserControl.Resources>
<UserControl.DataContext>
<local:MainViewModel/>
</UserControl.DataContext>
<Grid>
<StackPanel Width="auto" Height="200">
<ContentPresenter Content="{Binding CurrentView}" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" >
</ContentPresenter>
</StackPanel>
<StackPanel>
<Button Command="{Binding ChangeUserControlCommand}" Content="Click To Change View"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
ChildUserControl:
<UserControl x:Class="ChildUserControl"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MVVM_Light_Test_Application"
mc:Ignorable="d"
d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300" Background="{Binding BGColor, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}">
<UserControl.DataContext>
<local:ChildUserControlViewModel/>
</UserControl.DataContext>
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="149*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="151*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<StackPanel Height="200" Width="auto">
<StackPanel>
<ComboBox x:Name="cboExampleObjects" Margin="5" ItemsSource="{Binding Customers}" DisplayMemberPath="Details" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedCustomer}"/>
</StackPanel>
<StackPanel Grid.Column="1">
<TextBox x:Name="txtObjectPropertyValue" Text="{Binding SelectedCustomer.Name}" Margin="5"/>
</StackPanel>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
父 View 模型:
Public Class MainViewModel
Inherits ViewModelBase
Public Sub New()
_currentView = New ChildUserControlViewModel
ChangeUserControlCommand = New RelayCommand(AddressOf ChangeUserControl)
End Sub
Private _currentView As ViewModelBase
Public Property CurrentView As ViewModelBase
Get
Return _currentView
End Get
Set(value As ViewModelBase)
_currentView = value
RaisePropertyChanged("CurrentView")
End Set
End Property
Public Property ChangeUserControlCommand As RelayCommand
Public Sub ChangeUserControl()
CurrentView = New ChildUserControlViewModel
CType(CurrentView, ChildUserControlViewModel).BGColor = Nothing
End Sub
End Class
subview 模型:
导入System.Collections.ObjectModel
Public Class ChildUserControlViewModel
Inherits ViewModelBase
Public Sub New()
_customes = New ObservableCollection(Of Customer)(New List(Of Customer)({New Customer With {.Name = "TestName1", .CustomerNumber = 1}, New Customer With {.Name = "TestName2", .CustomerNumber = 2}}))
End Sub
Private _customers As ObservableCollection(Of Customer)
Public Property Customers As ObservableCollection(Of Customer)
Get
Return _customers
End Get
Set(value As ObservableCollection(Of Customer))
_customers = value
RaisePropertyChanged("Customers")
End Set
End Property
Private _selectedCustomer As Customer
Public Property SelectedCustomer As Customer
Get
Return _selectedCustomer
End Get
Set(value As Customer)
If _selectedCustomer Is Nothing OrElse String.Compare(value.Name, _selectedCustomer.Name) <> 0 Then
_selectedCustomer = value
RaisePropertyChanged("SelectedCustomer")
End If
End Set
End Property
Private _bgColor As SolidColorBrush
Public Property BGColor As SolidColorBrush
Get
Dim random As New Random
Return New SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(50, Random.Next(0, 255), Random.Next(0, 255), Random.Next(0, 255)))
End Get
Set(value As SolidColorBrush)
Dim random As New Random
_bgColor = New SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(50, random.Next(0, 255), random.Next(0, 255), random.Next(0, 255)))
RaisePropertyChanged("BGColor")
End Set
End Property
End Class
最佳答案
我看到几个问题:
ChildUserControl.DataContext
,但是ChildUserControl
的实例已经从ContentPresenter
中的绑定(bind)中获取了数据上下文。您可以安全地删除它。 ContentPresenter
只能包含一个子控件。当您创建一个新的 View 模型并将其设置为CurrentView
时,旧的 View 模型被遗忘,旧的ChildUserControl
被删除,然后创建了一个代表新 View 模型的新ChildUserControl
。 您如何在 subview 之间导航?我没有看到相关的代码。