我在查找数组中哈希表的索引时遇到了一些麻烦。我使用以下代码创建JSON:
$start = {
Clear-Host
$BIB = Read-Host 'Bibliothek'
$BIBName = Read-Host 'Bibliothek Name'
$Standort = Read-Host 'Bibliothek Standort'
$Autor = Read-Host 'Buchautor'
$BuchName = Read-Host 'Buchname'
$jsonfile = "C:\Skripte\bibV2-1000.xml"
if(![System.IO.File]::Exists($jsonfile)){
$Data = @{BIBs = @(
@{$BIB = @{BIBName=$BIBName},
@{Standort = $Standort},
@{Bücher = @(
@{BuchName = $BuchName;
Autor = $Autor})
}}
)}
ConvertTo-Json -Depth 50 -InputObject $Data | Add-Content $jsonfile
.$continue
} else {
$jsonfile = "C:\Skripte\bibV2-1000.json"
$Data = Get-Content $jsonfile | ConvertFrom-Json
$Data.BIBs += New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property @{$BIB =
@{BIBname=$BIBName},
@{Standort=$Standort},
@{Bücher = @(@{
Buchname=$BuchName;
Autor=$Autor})
}
}
ConvertTo-Json -Depth 50 -InputObject $Data | Out-File $jsonfile}
.$continue
}
$continue = {
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Was wollen Sie machen?"
Write-Host "(1) Eine weitere Bibliothek hinzufügen"
Write-Host "(2) Einer Bibliothek neue Bücher hinzufügen"
Write-Host "(E) Script beenden"
If (($read = Read-Host ) -eq "1") {
&$start} else {
if (($read) -eq "2") {
. C:\Skripte\büc.ps1 } else {
if (($read) -eq "E") {
exit} else {
Write-Host "+++ FALSCHE EINGABE! Bitte wählen Sie (1) oder (2) für die entsprechende Aktion +++"
.$continue
}
}
}
}
&$start
输出如下:
{
"BIBs": [{
"BIB1": [{
"BIBName": "123"
},
{
"Standort": "123"
},
{
"Bücher": [{
"Autor": "123",
"BuchName": "123"
}]
}
]
},
{
"BIB2": [{
"BIBname": "345"
},
{
"Standort": "345"
},
{
"Bücher": [{
"Autor": "345",
"Buchname": "345"
}]
}
]
}
]
}
现在,我想找出“BIB1”的索引。我已经尝试过IndexOf()-Method,它应该创建输出“0”,但是却给了我“-1”,因为它找不到值。如何获得“BIB1”的索引?
最佳答案
根据earlier question的判断,您正在尝试获取特定对象的索引,以便可以通过其包含数组访问它。但是,您可以直接进行以下操作:$objOfInterest = $Data.BIBs | ? BIB1
-有关详细信息,请参见我的answer to your earlier question。
您需要遍历$Data.BIBs
的数组元素,在用ConvertFrom-Json
读回序列化为JSON的JSON哈希表时,它们是自定义对象(正如Ansgar正确指出的;它们是[System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject]
的实例),并检查每个属性是否存在'BIB1'
:
'BIB1'
检查是否存在密钥.ContainsKey('BIB1')
).PSObject
属性实现的,如Ansgar Wiechers' more elegant solution所示。 但是,鉴于感兴趣的属性具有非空值,我们可以使用隐式 bool(boolean) 值(逻辑)从存在非空值的情况下推断给定属性存在:如果没有
$obj.'BIB1'
属性,默认情况下$null
返回BIB1
,即“falsy”之类的 bool(boolean) 值上下文,例如if
条件;相反,任何非空值都是“真实的”:$propName = 'BIB1'
$i = $ndx = -1
foreach ($obj in $Data.BIBs) {
++$i
if ($obj.$propName) { $ndx = $i; break}
}
$ndx # $ndx now contains the index of the target object or -1 if there was no match