我想用Python做一点事情,类似于内置的property,但我不确定该怎么做。

我称此类为LazilyEvaluatedConstantProperty。它用于仅应计算一次且不会更改的属性,但是为了提高性能,应该懒惰地创建它们,而不是在对象创建时创建它们。

这是用法:

class MyObject(object):

    # ... Regular definitions here

    def _get_personality(self):
        # Time consuming process that creates a personality for this object.
        print('Calculating personality...')
        time.sleep(5)
        return 'Nice person'

    personality = LazilyEvaluatedConstantProperty(_get_personality)


您可以看到用法与property相似,只不过有一个getter,没有setter或Deleter。

目的是在第一次访问my_object.personality时,将调用_get_personality方法,然后将结果缓存,并且永远不会再次为此对象调用_get_personality

我实现这个有什么问题?我想做一些棘手的事情来提高性能:我希望在第一次访问和_get_personality调用之后,personality将成为对象的数据属性,因此在后续调用中查找会更快。但是我不知道怎么可能,因为我没有对该对象的引用。

有人有主意吗?

最佳答案

我实现了它:

class CachedProperty(object):
    '''
    A property that is calculated (a) lazily and (b) only once for an object.

    Usage:

        class MyObject(object):

            # ... Regular definitions here

            def _get_personality(self):
                print('Calculating personality...')
                time.sleep(5) # Time consuming process that creates personality
                return 'Nice person'

            personality = CachedProperty(_get_personality)

    '''
    def __init__(self, getter, name=None):
        '''
        Construct the cached property.

        You may optionally pass in the name that this property has in the
        class; This will save a bit of processing later.
        '''
        self.getter = getter
        self.our_name = name


    def __get__(self, obj, our_type=None):

        if obj is None:
            # We're being accessed from the class itself, not from an object
            return self

        value = self.getter(obj)

        if not self.our_name:
            if not our_type:
                our_type = type(obj)
            (self.our_name,) = (key for (key, value) in
                                vars(our_type).iteritems()
                                if value is self)

        setattr(obj, self.our_name, value)

        return value


对于将来,可以在以下位置找到维护的实现:

https://github.com/cool-RR/GarlicSim/blob/master/garlicsim/garlicsim/general_misc/caching/cached_property.py

10-01 16:19