java - NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:未找到依赖项的[Repository]类型的合格Bean:至少应有1个合格为autowire的bean

我发现类似的问题解释了许多Web门户。但是我想这是独特的情况。我在Spring MVC应用程序中遇到错误。

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'testController' defined in file [C:\Program Files (x86)\sts-bundle\pivotal-tc-server-developer-3.1.2.RELEASE\base-instance\wtpwebapps\ExpT1\WEB-INF\classes\com\expt\controller\TestController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [com.expt.repositories.CategoryRepository]: No qualifying bean of type [com.expt.repositories.CategoryRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.expt.repositories.CategoryRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:185)

.....

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.expt.repositories.CategoryRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1373)

代码如下。我认为已经复制了足够多的代码。请帮助我了解缺少的内容以及如何解决此问题。任何帮助将是巨大的...！
码：
Appitiializer：

package com.expt.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;


public class AppInitialzer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new Class[]{SpringAppContInit.class, SQLDevDataSource.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new Class[]{WebMvcConfig.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

}

SQLDEVConfig：

package com.expt.config;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

@Configuration
@Profile("SQLDev")
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages={"com.expt.repositories"})
public class SQLDevDataSource extends AbstractJpaConfig {

    @Override
    public DataSource getDataSource() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return createBasicDataSource("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://LOCAL:1433/MYDB;", "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver", "UNMA", "PWD123");
    }
    public BasicDataSource createBasicDataSource(String jdbcUrl, String driverClass, String userName, String password) {
        BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl(jdbcUrl);
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClass);
        dataSource.setUsername(userName);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        return dataSource;
    }

}

SpringAPpContInit：

package com.expt.config;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;

public class SpringAppContInit implements ApplicationContextInitializer<AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        ConfigurableEnvironment configEnv = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
        configEnv.addActiveProfile("SQLDev");
    }

}

AbstrackJpaConfig：

   package com.expt.config;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2008Dialect;
import org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaDialect;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import com.expt.domain.Category;

public abstract class AbstractJpaConfig {

    public abstract DataSource getDataSource();

    @Bean(name="entityManagerFactory")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(DataSource dataSource){
        Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<String, String>();
        properties.put(org.hibernate.cfg.Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "validate");
        properties.put(org.hibernate.cfg.Environment.DIALECT, SQLServer2008Dialect.class.getName());
        properties.put(org.hibernate.cfg.Environment.SHOW_SQL, "true");

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource);
        //em.setPackagesToScan(Expense.class.getPackage().getName());
        em.setPackagesToScan(Category.class.getPackage().getName());
        //em.setPersistenceProvider(new HibernatePersistenceProvider());
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter());
        em.setJpaPropertyMap(properties);
        return em;
    }

    @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory);
    }
}

控制器：

package com.expt.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.expt.domain.Category;
import com.expt.repositories.CategoryRepository;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    CategoryRepository catRepo;

    @Autowired
    public TestController(CategoryRepository catRepo) {
        this.catRepo = catRepo;
    }

    /*private CategoryService catSvc;

    @Autowired
    public TestController(CategoryService catSvc) {
        this.catSvc = catSvc;
    }*/

    @RequestMapping("/simple")
    public String test(){
        return "testing";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/json")
    public Iterable<Category> testJ(){
        return catRepo.findAll();
    }
}

CategoryRepository：

package com.expt.repositories;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.expt.domain.Category;

@Repository
public interface CategoryRepository extends JpaRepository<Category, BigDecimal> {

}

================================================== =======

编辑：（由于有很多评论添加到此，因此也想添加这些详细信息）

我指的是https://github.com/scottfrederick/spring-music。其中将public class AppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer用于appinitializer。

完整代码在这里，这是我在旧项目中使用的代码。这确实手动注册了配置类，并且可以正常工作。但是当我们从AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer扩展时并不需要。

   public class AppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        configureAppContextInitializers(servletContext, SpringAppContInit.class.getName());

        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        rootContext.register(RepositoryConfig.class);
        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));

        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext webContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        webContext.register(WebMvcConfig.class);

        DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(webContext);
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", dispatcherServlet);
        dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        dispatcher.addMapping("/");
    }

    private void configureAppContextInitializers(ServletContext container, String... initClassNames) {
        String initializerClasses = container.getInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM);

        String delimitedClassNames = StringUtils.arrayToDelimitedString(initClassNames, " ");

        if (StringUtils.hasText(initializerClasses)) {
            initializerClasses += " " + delimitedClassNames;
        }
        else {
            initializerClasses = delimitedClassNames;
        }

        container.setInitParameter(ContextLoader.CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM, initializerClasses);
    }
}

在AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的情况下，方法getRootConfigClasses和getServletConfigClasses隐式地注册。现在，我正在寻找上述代码无法正常工作的原因。我有解决方法，例如可以通过恢复为XML或WebApplicationInitializer使其工作。我正在寻找解决方案和原因，如果可能的话，使用更新的代码而不是API文档。我需要一个教程。 API文档不会帮助我解决问题。

最佳答案

您自己的WebApplicationInitializer实现和扩展AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的实现是不同的。它们的行为不同，这是因为您没有注册自定义ApplicationContextInitializer。 javadoc中说明了如何注册ApplicationContextInitializer（请注意两种方法来设置ApplicationContextInitializer的集合。）。

public class AppInitialzer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

    ...

    protected ApplicationContextInitializer<?>[] getRootApplicationContextInitializers() {
        return new ApplicationContextInitializer[] { new SpringAppContInit() } ;
    }
}

但是，ApplicationContextInitializer并没有真正添加仅通过设置环境或系统属性就无法完成的任何操作。

spring.profiles.active=SQLDev

当您这样做时，您不需要该init。

我也坚信您的@EnableJpaRepositories使用的是错误的类，要启用这些类的事实不应该取决于您的个人资料。