c# - 在弹出窗口中获取IOC容器

我在WPF应用程序中使用PRISM 5。我的应用程序中的Shell View 有两个区域，将其视为A和B。区域A包含一个POPUP(PRISM 5交互功能用于显示弹出窗口)。

当我在 View 的构造函数中创建弹出 View 模型的实例时，该应用程序正在运行。

工作代码

public PopupView()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    this.DataContext = new PopupViewModel(); // Working code
}

但是当我尝试使用依赖注入(inject)创建 View 模型实例时，应用程序在父 View ( View A)的InitializeComponent();上失败。

DI不起作用代码

public PopupView(PopupViewModel viewModel)
{
    InitializeComponent(); // Failing in AView initialze
                           // before reaching here

    this.DataContext = viewModel;
}

在模块/ bootstrap 中查看模型注册

container.RegisterType<AViewModel>();

发生错误

发生NULLReference异常

Stacktrace (针对问题进行编辑)

at System.DefaultBinder.BindToMethod(BindingFlags bindingAttr, MethodBase[] match, Object[]& args, ParameterModifier[] modifiers, CultureInfo cultureInfo, String[] names, Object& state)
   at MS.Internal.Xaml.Runtime.DynamicMethodRuntime.CreateInstanceWithCtor(Type type, Object[] args)
   at MS.Internal.Xaml.Runtime.ClrObjectRuntime.CreateInstance(XamlType xamlType, Object[] args)
   at MS.Internal.Xaml.Runtime.PartialTrustTolerantRuntime.CreateInstance(XamlType xamlType, Object[] args)
   at System.Xaml.XamlObjectWriter.Logic_CreateAndAssignToParentStart(ObjectWriterContext ctx)
   at System.Xaml.XamlObjectWriter.WriteEndObject()
   at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.TransformNodes(XamlReader xamlReader, XamlObjectWriter xamlWriter, Boolean onlyLoadOneNode, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Boolean shouldPassLineNumberInfo, IXamlLineInfo xamlLineInfo, IXamlLineInfoConsumer xamlLineInfoConsumer, XamlContextStack`1 stack, IStyleConnector styleConnector)
   at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load(XamlReader xamlReader, IXamlObjectWriterFactory writerFactory, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlObjectWriterSettings settings, Uri baseUri)
   at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.LoadBaml(XamlReader xamlReader, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlAccessLevel accessLevel, Uri baseUri)
   at System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.LoadBaml(Stream stream, ParserContext parserContext, Object parent, Boolean closeStream)
   at System.Windows.Application.LoadComponent(Object component, Uri resourceLocator)
   at MyNamespace.AView.InitializeComponent() in e:\xxx\xxxxx\xxx\AView.xaml:line 1
   at MyNamespace.AView..ctor(AViewModel viewModel) in e:\xxx\xxxxx\xxx\AView.xaml.cs:line 18

AViewModel (为了避免特定于项目的信息而编辑)

 public class ItemSelectionNotification : Confirmation
 {
      //This class includes properties related to my project
 }

public class AViewModel
 {
        public InteractionRequest<ItemSelectionNotification> ItemSelectionRequest { get; private set; }

        public AViewModel(EventAggregator eventAggregator,IUnityContainer container)
        {
            this.eventAggregator = eventAggregator;
            this.container = container;
            ItemSelectionRequest = new InteractionRequest<ItemSelectionNotification>();
            SettingsCommand = new DelegateCommand(OnClickSetting);    //Command for settings button click
        }

        //Button click handling
        public void OnClickSetting()
        {
                var notification = new ItemSelectionNotification()
                    {
                        Title = "Items"
                    };
                this.ItemSelectionRequest.Raise(notification,OnSaveCallback);
         }

        private void OnSaveCallback(PropertySelectionNotification returned)
        {
        }
 }

最佳答案

我将假设您在XAML中将InteractionRequestTrigger与PopupWindowAction结合使用，以将PopupView绑定(bind)到相应的InteractionRequest。

您不能将PopupViewModel传递给PopupView的构造函数，因为 View 是由PopupWindowAction直接创建的，而不是由DI容器创建的。当PopupWindowAction创建PopupView时，它将 View 的DataContext设置为您传递给INotification的InteractionRequest.Raise(…)对象。该INotification具有Content属性，可用于将所需的任何数据传递给PopupView。例如，您可以在此处传递PopupViewModel。

编辑:我查了PopupWindowAction sources，看来我错了。他们在尝试实例化ServiceLocator时会使用PopupWindowAction.WindowContentType，因此从技术上讲，将PopupViewModel传递给PopupView的构造函数不应导致异常，但由于将 View 的DataContext进一步替换为传递给INotification的InteractionRequest对象，因此它仍然没有用。

例:

// PopupViewModel.cs
internal sealed class PopupViewModel
{
    public PopupViewModel(string message)
    {
        Message = message;
    }

    public string Message { get; }
}

// PopupView.xaml
<UserControl …>
    <Grid DataContext="{Binding Content, Mode=OneTime}">
        <Label Text="{Binding Message, Mode=OneTime}" />
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

// SomeViewModel.cs
internal sealed class SomeViewModel
{
    // Don't use DI-container references to construct objects, inject factories instead.
    // Also to keep things simple you can just create your PopupViewModel directly if it has no external dependencies.
    private readonly Func<string, PopupViewModel> _popupViewModelFactory;

    public SomeViewModel(Func<string, PopupViewModel> popupViewModelFactory)
    {
        _popupViewModelFactory = popupViewModelFactory;
    }

    public ICommand ShowPopupCommand { get; } = new DelegateCommand(DoShowPopup);

    public InteractionRequest<INotification> PopupRequest { get; } = new InteractionRequest<INotification>();

    private void DoShowPopup()
    {
        PopupRequest.Raise(new Notification
        {
            Content = _popupViewModelFactory("This is a Popup Message!")
        }, _ =>
        {
            // Callback code.
        });
    }
}

// SomeView.xaml
<UserControl …>
    <i:Interaction.Triggers>
        <prism:InteractionRequestTrigger SourceObject="{Binding PopupRequest, Mode=OneTime}">
            <prism:PopupWindowAction WindowContentType="views:PopupView" />
        </prism:InteractionRequestTrigger>
    </i:Interaction.Triggers>

    <Button Command="{Binding ShowPopupCommand, Mode=OneTime}" />
<UserControl>

// SomeModule.cs (or maybe Bootstrapper.cs if you setup your container in Bootstrapper)
public sealed class SomeModule : IModule
{
    private readonly IUnityContainer _container;

    public SomeModule(IUnityContainer container)
    {
        _container = container;
    }

    public override void Initialize()
    {
        _container.RegisterType<Func<string, PopupViewModel>>(
            new InjectionFactory(c =>
                new Func<string, PopupViewModel>(message =>
                    c.Resolve<PopupViewModel>(
                        new ParameterOverride("message", message))));
    }
}

关于c# - 在弹出窗口中获取IOC容器，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27485492/