我需要在数据库的2个表中插入一行。这两个表之间的关系是一对多的。这是他们的模型:

public partial class Task
{
    public Task()
    {
        TaskOwner = new HashSet<TaskOwner>();
    }

    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Action { get; set; }
    public int ActualEffort { get; set; }
    public DateTime AssignationDate { get; set; }
    public int EstEffort { get; set; }
    public DateTime EstEnd { get; set; }
    public bool IsComplete { get; set; }
    public int ProjectId { get; set; }
    public string Status { get; set; }

    public virtual ICollection<TaskOwner> TaskOwner { get; set; }
    public virtual Project Project { get; set; }
}

public partial class TaskOwner
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int EmployeId { get; set; }
    public int TaskId { get; set; }

    public virtual Employe Employe { get; set; }
    public virtual Task Task { get; set; }
}


这是上下文:

modelBuilder.Entity<Task>(entity =>
        {
            entity.HasIndex(e => e.ProjectId)
                .HasName("FKTask25514");

            entity.Property(e => e.Id)
                .HasColumnName("id")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.Action)
                .IsRequired()
                .HasColumnName("action")
                .HasColumnType("varchar(255)");

            entity.Property(e => e.ActualEffort)
                .HasColumnName("actual_effort")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.AssignationDate).HasColumnName("assignation_date");

            entity.Property(e => e.EstEffort)
                .HasColumnName("est_effort")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.EstEnd).HasColumnName("est_end");

            entity.Property(e => e.IsComplete).HasColumnType("tinyint(1)");

            entity.Property(e => e.ProjectId)
                .HasColumnName("project_id")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.Status)
                .IsRequired()
                .HasColumnName("status")
                .HasColumnType("varchar(255)");

            entity.HasOne(d => d.Project)
                .WithMany(p => p.Task)
                .HasForeignKey(d => d.ProjectId)
                .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict)
                .HasConstraintName("FKTask25514");
        });

        modelBuilder.Entity<TaskOwner>(entity =>
        {
            entity.ToTable("Task_Owner");

            entity.HasIndex(e => e.EmployeId)
                .HasName("FKTask_Owner320287");

            entity.HasIndex(e => e.TaskId)
                .HasName("FKTask_Owner395416");

            entity.Property(e => e.Id)
                .HasColumnName("id")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.EmployeId)
                .HasColumnName("employe_id")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.Property(e => e.TaskId)
                .HasColumnName("task_id")
                .HasColumnType("int(10)");

            entity.HasOne(d => d.Employe)
                .WithMany(p => p.TaskOwner)
                .HasForeignKey(d => d.EmployeId)
                .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict)
                .HasConstraintName("FKTask_Owner320287");

            entity.HasOne(d => d.Task)
                .WithMany(p => p.TaskOwner)
                .HasForeignKey(d => d.TaskId)
                .OnDelete(DeleteBehavior.Restrict)
                .HasConstraintName("FKTask_Owner395416");
        });


一个任务可以由多个TaskOwner拥有。我尝试了这种方法:

Models.Task task = new Models.Task()
                    {
                        Status = tde.Status.ToString(),
                        Action = tde.Subject.ToString(),
                        IsComplete = tde.IsComplete,
                        EstEnd = tde.DueDate.GetValueOrDefault(DateTime.Now),
                        AssignationDate = tde.DateTimeCreated.Date,
                        ActualEffort = Convert.ToInt32(tde.ActualWork),
                        EstEffort = Convert.ToInt32(tde.TotalWork),
                        ProjectId = (from p in _context.Project
                                     where p.ProjectSapId == Convert.ToInt32(tde.BillingInformation)
                                     select p.Id).First(),
                    };

                    Models.TaskOwner taskOwner = new Models.TaskOwner()
                    {
                        EmployeId = employee.Id,
                    };
                    task.TaskOwner.Add(taskOwner);
                    _context.Task.Add(task);


然后将其保存到数据库中,但我总是忽略此错误:


  使用类型'Models.TaskOwner'检测到自引用循环。路径“ [6] .taskOwner [0] .employe.taskOwner”。


如果可以的话,我将只使用刚刚创建的任务的ID,并将其链接到taskOwner模型,但是由于ID是自动生成的,所以我不能,或者至少我不知道如何。我究竟做错了什么?什么是我要完成的正确方法?

最佳答案

因此,Task具有零个或多个TaskOwners。每个TaskOwner都只有一个Task。没有TaskOwners就没有Task

这意味着,如果数据库中已有一个TaskOwner,则不能再拥有第二个Task。但是,您可以让它拥有一个不同的Task而不是它现在拥有的那个。

如果向数据库引入(添加)与数据库中现有对象具有关系的对象,则可以使用相关对象的ID或对象本身(当然,其ID可以为非零)。

如果相关对象也是新对象,只需将相关对象分配给要添加的对象。您不必单独添加相关对象。

请注意,只要您没有使用SaveChanges,就不能使用任何新对象的ID。

介绍拥有现有任务和现有员工的TaskOwner

using (var dbContext = new MyDbContext())
{
    int employeeId = FetchEmployeeId(...);
    int taskId = FetchTaskId(...);

    TaskOwner introducedTaskOwner = dbContext.TaskOwners.Add(new TaskOwner()
    {
        // don't fill the ID!
        EmployeeId = employeeId,
        TaskId = taskId,

        ... // other properties
    });
    dbContext.SaveChanges();

    // now the introduced task owner has an Id!
    return introducedTaskOwner;
}


介绍一个TaskOwner和一个新的Task。使用现有员工

现在,您不能填写TaskId,而是填写一个Task:

using (var dbContext = new MyDbContext())
{
    int employeeId = FetchEmployeeId(...);

    TaskOwner introducedTaskOwner = dbContext.TaskOwners.Add(new TaskOwner()
    {
        // don't fill the TaskOwner ID!
        EmployeeId = employeeId,

        // Give the Task owner a non-existing Task:
        Task = new Task()
        {
            // don't fill the Task ID!
            // don't fill the collection of TaskOwners

            ... // fill other Task properties
        }

        ... // other task owner properties
    });
    dbContext.SaveChanges();

    // now both the task owner and the task are introduced. Both have an ID
    Debug.Assert(introducedTaskOwner.Id != 0);
    Debug.Assert(intrducedTaskOwner.TaskId != 0);
    Debug.Assert(introducedTaskOwner.Task.Id != 0);
}


如果需要,可以先介绍任务,然后介绍TaskOwner。只要您没有使用SaveChanges,就不能使用任何ID。

using (var dbContext = new MyDbContext())
{
    int employeeId = FetchEmployeeId(...);

    Task introducedTask = dbContext.Tasks.Add(new Task()
    {
        // don't fill the Task ID!
        TaskOwners = new List<TaskOwner>(); // This Task has no owners yet

            ... // fill other Task properties
    });

    TaskOwner introducedTaskOwner = dbContext.TaskOwners.Add(new TaskOwner()
    {
        // don't fill the TaskOwner ID!
        EmployeeId = employeeId,

        // Give the Task owner a the introduced task
        Task = introducedTask,

        ... // other task owner properties
    });
    dbContext.SaveChanges();
}


您也可以采用另一种方法:将TaskOwner添加到现有(或新添加的)任务中

using (var dbContext = new MyDbContext())
{
    int employeeId = FetchEmployeeId(...);

    // get existing task:
    Task existingTask = dbContext.Tasks
        .Where(task => task.ActualEffort > ...)
        .OrderBy(task => task.ActualEffort)
        .FirstOrDefault();

    // add an owner to the task owners collection:
    existingTask.TaskOwners.Add(new TaskOwner()
    {
        // don't fill the TaskOwner ID!
        EmployeeId = employeeId,
        // no need to fill the TaskId, nor the Task
        // Entity Framework knows the Task to which it belongs, because you
        // add it to the TaskOwners collection
        ...
    });
    dbContext.SaveChanges();
}


结论:只要您没有ID,就可以使用完整的对象。如果尚未添加对象,则实体框架将添加它

09-10 21:52