我正在尝试首次使用Qt创建多线程服务器。通常,人们将使用QTcpServer::nextPendingConnection()
返回的套接字指针,并已插入其中的套接字句柄-但由于我要在单独的线程上与连接客户端进行接口(interface),因此我需要使用QTcpServer::incomingConnection( qintptr句柄)。经过一个非常沉闷,充满错误的调试 session 后,我设法将问题追根溯源到从未被解雇的qintptr handle
?
有没有人遇到过类似的问题-在最新版本的Qt上有什么变化吗?
这些是我尝试过的:
QTcpServer::incomingConnection()
QTcpServer::incomingConnection(qintptr handle)
QTcpServer::incomingConnection(qintptr socketDescriptor)
编辑:
创建服务器实例:
TestServer *myServer = new TestServer();
myServer->initializeServer(1234);
哪个调用:
void TestServer::initializeServer(quint16 port)
{
mainServer = new QTcpServer(this);
mainServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any, port);
qDebug() << "Listening for connections on port: " << port;
}
服务器正在监听。当客户端连接入局时,应该调用incomingConnection(qintptr handle):
void TestServer::incomingConnection(qintptr socketDescriptor){
TestClient *client = new TestClient(this);
client->setSocket(socketDescriptor);
}
哪个调用:
void TestClient::setSocket(quint16 socketDescr)
{
socket = new QTcpSocket(this);
socket->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescr);
connect(socket, SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(connected()));
connect(socket, SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(disconnected()));
connect(socket, SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(readyRead()));
}
调用connect()信号:
void TestClient::connected()
{
qDebug() << "Client connected..."; // This debug never appears in the console, since QTcpServer::incomingConnection isn't being fired.
}
最佳答案
您的代码有一些错误:
TestServer
上,您的QTcpServer
可能已聚合,但是您需要继承它。在这种情况下,您尝试覆盖incomingConnection()
方法,但是您没有基类,而只是创建新的incomingConnection()
,而不是覆盖。 qintptr descriptor
获取incomingConnection()
变量,但可以通过quint16
方法设置setSocket()
类型。 我在下面写了一些小例子,以帮助您了解tcp客户端与服务器之间的通信。
服务器部分
主要部分是服务器本身:
#include <QTcpServer>
class TestServer: public QTcpServer
{
public:
TestServer(QObject *parent = 0);
void incomingConnection(qintptr handle) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
};
只是看一下:我不讨厌
QTcpServer
,但是继承了它。在这种情况下,您可以正确覆盖 incomingConnection()
方法。在构造函数中,我们只是使用
listen()
方法启动服务器以进行监听:TestServer::TestServer(QObject *parent):
QTcpServer(parent)
{
if (this->listen(QHostAddress::Any, 2323)) {
qDebug() << "Server start at port: " << this->serverPort();
} else {
qDebug() << "Start failure";
}
}
然后是覆盖
incomingConnection()
的时间:void TestServer::incomingConnection(qintptr handle)
{
qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO << " new connection";
SocketThread *socket = new SocketThread(handle);
connect(socket, SIGNAL(finished()), socket, SLOT(deleteLater()));
socket->start();
}
我创建
SocketThread
对象来处理传入的数据:#include <QThread>
#include <QObject>
class QTcpSocket;
class SocketThread: public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
SocketThread(qintptr descriptor, QObject *parent = 0);
~SocketThread();
protected:
void run() Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
private slots:
void onConnected();
void onReadyRead();
void onDisconnected();
private:
QTcpSocket *m_socket;
qintptr m_descriptor;
};
我们从
QThread
继承来使我们的服务器成为多线程,因此我们必须重写 run()
方法:SocketThread::SocketThread(qintptr descriptor, QObject *parent)
: QThread(parent), m_descriptor(descriptor)
{
}
void SocketThread::run()
{
qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO;
m_socket = new QTcpSocket;
m_socket->setSocketDescriptor(m_descriptor);
connect(m_socket, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(onReadyRead()), Qt::DirectConnection);
connect(m_socket, SIGNAL(disconnected()), this, SLOT(onDisconnected()), Qt::DirectConnection);
exec();
}
这样,我们可以初始化
QTcpSocket
,设置套接字描述符,将其与 readyRead()
和 disconnected()
信号连接并启动事件循环。void SocketThread::onReadyRead()
{
QDataStream in(m_socket);
in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);
QString message;
in >> message;
qDebug() << message;
m_socket->disconnectFromHost();
}
void SocketThread::onDisconnected()
{
m_socket->close();
// Exit event loop
quit();
}
在
onReadyRead()
处,只需从客户端读取一些QString
,将其写入控制台并与主机断开连接即可。在onDisconnected()
处,我们在close套接字连接并退出事件循环。客户部分
这只是示例和不好的样式,但是我在
MainWindow
信号上的QPushButton::clicked
类上创建了到服务器的连接:void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
QTcpSocket *client = new QTcpSocket;
connect(client, SIGNAL(connected()), this, SLOT(connected()));
connect(client, SIGNAL(disconnected()), client, SLOT(deleteLater()));
client->connectToHost(QHostAddress::LocalHost, 2323);
client->waitForConnected();
if (client->state() != QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState ) {
qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO << " can't connect to host";
delete client;
return;
}
QByteArray block;
QDataStream out(&block, QIODevice::WriteOnly);
out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_5);
out << QString("Hello");
out.device()->seek(0);
client->write(block);
}
void MainWindow::connected()
{
qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO << " client connected";
}
我创建新的
QTcpSocket
,将其连接到信号,然后尝试连接到主机(在我的情况下是localhost)。等待连接并检查 socket 状态。如果一切正确,我写套接字QString
-仅作为示例。这是组织多线程客户端-服务器体系结构的一种可能方法,我希望它对您有所帮助,并且您会发现自己的错误。