python - 如何通过不同的dict作为列扩展df？

我有一个df，在一个列中有不同的dict作为条目，在我的例子中是“information”列。我想用所有可能的dict.keys（）扩展df，如下所示：

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
df = pd.DataFrame({'id': pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]),
                   'name': pd.Series(['banana',
                                      'apple',
                                      'orange',
                                      'strawberry' ,
                                      'toast']),
                   'information': pd.Series([{'shape':'curve','color':'yellow'},
                                             {'color':'red'},
                                             {'shape':'round'},
                                             {'amount':500},
                                             np.nan]),
                   'cost': pd.Series([1,2,2,10,4])})


   id        name                            information  cost
0   1      banana  {'shape': 'curve', 'color': 'yellow'}     1
1   2       apple                       {'color': 'red'}     2
2   3      orange                     {'shape': 'round'}     2
3   4  strawberry                        {'amount': 500}    10
4   5       toast                                    NaN     4

应该是这样的：

   id        name  shape   color  amount  cost
0   1      banana  curve  yellow     NaN     1
1   2       apple    NaN     red     NaN     2
2   3      orange  round     NaN     NaN     2
3   4  strawberry    NaN     NaN   500.0    10
4   5       toast    NaN     NaN     NaN     4

最佳答案

另一种方法是使用pandas.DataFrame.from_records：

import pandas as pd

new = pd.DataFrame.from_records(df.pop('information').apply(lambda x: {} if pd.isna(x) else x))
new = pd.concat([df, new], 1)
print(new)

输出：

   cost  id        name  amount   color  shape
0     1   1      banana     NaN  yellow  curve
1     2   2       apple     NaN     red    NaN
2     2   3      orange     NaN     NaN  round
3    10   4  strawberry   500.0     NaN    NaN
4     4   5       toast     NaN     NaN    NaN