python-3.x - 去字符串。包含()比Python3慢2倍？

我正在将文本模式扫描仪从Python3转换为Go1.10，但惊讶的是它实际上慢了2倍。分析后，罪魁祸首在strings.Contains()中。请参阅下面的简单基准。我想念什么吗？您能推荐一种更快的Go模式搜索算法，这种算法在这种情况下会更好吗？我不担心启动时间，相同的模式将用于扫描数百万个文件。

Py3基准:

import time
import re

RUNS = 10000

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with open('data.php') as fh:
        testString = fh.read()

    def do():
        return "576ad4f370014dfb1d0f17b0e6855f22" in testString

    start = time.time()
    for i in range(RUNS):
        _ = do()
    duration = time.time() - start
    print("Python: %.2fs" % duration)

Go1.10基准测试:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
    "strings"
    "time"
)

const (
    runs = 10000
)

func main() {
    fname := "data.php"
    testdata := readFile(fname)
    needle := "576ad4f370014dfb1d0f17b0e6855f22"
    start := time.Now()

    for i := 0; i < runs; i++ {
        _ = strings.Contains(testdata, needle)

    }
    duration := time.Now().Sub(start)
    fmt.Printf("Go: %.2fs\n", duration.Seconds())
}

func readFile(fname string) string {
    data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(fname)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    return string(data)
}

data.php是一个528KB的文件，可以是found here。

输出:

Go:     1.98s
Python: 0.84s

最佳答案

为什么Python 3(24.79s)比Go(5.47s)慢4.5倍？您得到什么结果？

Python :

$ cat contains.py
import time
import re

RUNS = 10000

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # The Complete Works of William Shakespeare by William Shakespeare
    # http://www.gutenberg.org/files/100/100-0.txt
    file = '/home/peter/shakespeare.100-0.txt' # 'data.php'
    with open(file) as fh:
        testString = fh.read()

    def do():
        return "Means to immure herself and not be seen." in testString

    start = time.time()
    for i in range(RUNS):
        _ = do()
    duration = time.time() - start
    print("Python: %.2fs" % duration)
    print(do())
$ python3 --version
Python 3.6.5
$ python3 contains.py
Python: 24.79s
True
$

去:

$ cat contains.go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
    "strings"
    "time"
)

const (
    runs = 10000
)

func main() {
    // The Complete Works of William Shakespeare by William Shakespeare
    // http://www.gutenberg.org/files/100/100-0.txt
    fname := `/home/peter/shakespeare.100-0.txt` // "data.php"
    testdata := readFile(fname)
    needle := "Means to immure herself and not be seen."
    start := time.Now()

    for i := 0; i < runs; i++ {
        _ = strings.Contains(testdata, needle)

    }
    duration := time.Now().Sub(start)
    fmt.Printf("Go: %.2fs\n", duration.Seconds())

    fmt.Println(strings.Contains(testdata, needle))
    fmt.Println(strings.Index(testdata, needle))

}

func readFile(fname string) string {
    data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(fname)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    return string(data)
}
$ go version
go version devel +5332b5e75a Tue Jul 31 15:44:37 2018 +0000 linux/amd64
$ go run contains.go
Go: 5.47s
true
5837178
$