我正在尝试将Cayenne的一个示例翻译为Idris-一种具有依赖类型paper的语言。
这是我到目前为止的内容:
PrintfType : (List Char) -> Type
PrintfType Nil = String
PrintfType ('%' :: 'd' :: cs) = Int -> PrintfType cs
PrintfType ('%' :: 's' :: cs) = String -> PrintfType cs
PrintfType ('%' :: _ :: cs) = PrintfType cs
PrintfType ( _ :: cs) = PrintfType cs
printf : (fmt: List Char) -> PrintfType fmt
printf fmt = rec fmt "" where
rec : (f: List Char) -> String -> PrintfType f
rec Nil acc = acc
rec ('%' :: 'd' :: cs) acc = \i => rec cs (acc ++ (show i))
rec ('%' :: 's' :: cs) acc = \s => rec cs (acc ++ s)
rec ('%' :: _ :: cs) acc = rec cs acc -- this is line 49
rec ( c :: cs) acc = rec cs (acc ++ (pack [c]))
我使用
List Char
而不是String
作为format参数,以方便进行模式匹配,因为我很快遇到了String
上的模式匹配的复杂性。不幸的是,我收到一条错误消息,我无法理解:
Type checking ./sprintf.idr
sprintf.idr:49:Can't unify PrintfType (Prelude.List.:: '%' (Prelude.List.:: t cs)) with PrintfType cs
Specifically:
Can't convert PrintfType (Prelude.List.:: '%' (Prelude.List.:: t cs)) with PrintfType cs
如果我注释掉所有在
'%' :: ...
和PrintfType
中具有3个元素(带有printf
的元素)的模式匹配用例,则代码会编译(但显然没有做任何有趣的事情)。如何修复我的代码,以使
printf "the %s is %d" "answer" 42
有效? 最佳答案
在定义模式重叠的函数(例如'%' :: 'd'
与c :: cs
重叠)时,idris中似乎有一些current limitations。经过多次尝试,我终于找到了解决方法:
data Format = End | FInt Format | FString Format | FChar Char Format
fromList : List Char -> Format
fromList Nil = End
fromList ('%' :: 'd' :: cs) = FInt (fromList cs)
fromList ('%' :: 's' :: cs) = FString (fromList cs)
fromList (c :: cs) = FChar c (fromList cs)
PrintfType : Format -> Type
PrintfType End = String
PrintfType (FInt rest) = Int -> PrintfType rest
PrintfType (FString rest) = String -> PrintfType rest
PrintfType (FChar c rest) = PrintfType rest
printf : (fmt: String) -> PrintfType (fromList $ unpack fmt)
printf fmt = printFormat (fromList $ unpack fmt) where
printFormat : (fmt: Format) -> PrintfType fmt
printFormat fmt = rec fmt "" where
rec : (f: Format) -> String -> PrintfType f
rec End acc = acc
rec (FInt rest) acc = \i: Int => rec rest (acc ++ (show i))
rec (FString rest) acc = \s: String => rec rest (acc ++ s)
rec (FChar c rest) acc = rec rest (acc ++ (pack [c]))
Format
是表示格式字符串的递归数据类型。 FInt
是一个int占位符,FString
是一个字符串占位符,FChar
是一个字符常量。使用Format
可以定义PrintfType
并实现printFormat
。从那里,我可以顺利地扩展以采用字符串而不是List Char
或Format
值。最终结果是:*sprintf> printf "the %s is %d" "answer" 42
"the answer is 42" : String
关于idris - Idris中的依赖类型的printf,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17905537/