我是Akka的新手(Java lib,v2.3.9),并试图了解参与者的依赖性和后备/故障容忍度。
假设我有两个演员StormTrooper
和DarthVader
:
// Groovy pseudo-code
class StatusReport {
private final Report report
StatusReport(Input report) {
super()
this.report = deepClone(report)
}
Input getReport() {
deepClone(this.report)
}
}
class StormTrooper extends UntypedActor {
ActorRef lordVader // Injected with reference to DarthVader
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof PerformReport) {
PerformReport pr = message as PerformReport
Report report = ReportUtils.generateReport(pr.config)
StatusReport statusReportMsg = new StatusReport(report)
lordVader.tell(statusReportMessage, ...)
}
}
}
class DarthVader extends UntypedActor {
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof StatusReport) {
// Do something meaningful with the status report.
}
}
}
在某些情况下,
DarthVader
本质上为NULL,并且应该为空。即:当StormTrooper
决定向StatusReport
发送DarthVader
消息时,他:可能已配置为可以运行并且可以运行,在这种情况下,
DarthVader
将正确响应状态报告;要么用户可能已采取措施(通过配置),使得
DarthVader
必须故意脱机/无响应/无操作在后一种情况下,当假定为
DarthVader
时(我要强调这一点是为了与在DarthVader
应该处于活动状态/正在运行但处于故障/错误状态时的用例区别开),我是不知道如何将其传达给StormTrooper
,如果fizzBuzz#derp()
是空操作,则必须简单地调用DarthVader
。解决方案1:基于状态的无操作检测
class StormTrooper extends UntypedActor {
ActorRef lordVader // Injected with reference to DarthVader
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof PerformReport) {
if(lordVader.isNoOp) {
fizzBuzz.derp()
} else {
PerformReport pr = message as PerformReport
Report report = ReportUtils.generateReport(pr.config)
StatusReport statusReportMsg = new StatusReport(report)
lordVader.tell(statusReportMessage, ...)
}
}
}
}
class DarthVader extends UntypedActor {
boolean isNoOpMode = false
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof StatusReport) {
if(!isNoOpMode) {
// Do something meaningful with the status report.
}
// Obviosuly, if we are in no-op mode, do nothing.
}
}
}
我的不确定之处是所有
DarthVader
actor /线程的实例都必须处于同一状态(打开/关闭无操作模式普遍适用于所有它们),因此我不确定该解决方案是否可行与Akka最佳做法保持一致。解决方案2:引发专门的异常
class StormTrooper extends UntypedActor {
ActorRef lordVader // Injected with reference to DarthVader
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof PerformReport) {
try {
PerformReport pr = message as PerformReport
Report report = ReportUtils.generateReport(pr.config)
StatusReport statusReportMsg = new StatusReport(report)
lordVader.tell(statusReportMessage, ...)
} catch(DarthVaderNoOpException dvnoExc) {
fizzBuzz.derp()
}
}
}
}
class DarthVader extends UntypedActor {
boolean isNoOpMode = false
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof StatusReport) {
if(!isNoOpMode) {
// Do something meaningful with the status report.
} else {
throw new DarthVaderNoOpException()
}
}
}
}
但是使用异常来控制流是一个普遍的禁忌,甚至可能触发内置的Akka管理员行为(对异常进行反应可能会导致Akka重新启动
StormTrooper
等)。解决方案#3:发回响应消息
class StormTrooper extends UntypedActor {
ActorRef lordVader // Injected with reference to DarthVader
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof PerformReport) {
PerformReport pr = message as PerformReport
Report report = ReportUtils.generateReport(pr.config)
StatusReport statusReportMsg = new StatusReport(report)
lordVader.tell(statusReportMessage, ...)
} else if(message instanceof DarthVaderNoOp) {
fizzbuzz.derp()
}
}
}
class DarthVader extends UntypedActor {
ActorRef stormTrooper
boolean isNoOpMode = false
@Override
void onReceive(Object message) {
if(message instanceof StatusReport) {
if(!isNoOpMode) {
// Do something meaningful with the status report.
} else {
DarthVaderNoOp noOpMsg = new DarthVaderNoOp()
stormTrooper.tell(noOpMsg, ...)
}
}
}
}
但这似乎是一个繁琐的,健谈的解决方案。
所以我问:
DarthVader
向StormTrooper
指示其处于无操作模式,以便StormTrooper
知道调用fizzBuzz.derp()
的最佳方法是什么?请记住,如果DarthVader
处于无操作模式,则DarthVader
的所有实例/角色/线程都处于无操作模式,而不仅仅是一个特定的实例。 最佳答案
几乎没有解决方案。首先,您想从config中读取DarthVader
是否处于NoOp
模式,然后创建actor(Typesafe Config可以正常工作)。
Config vader = conf.getConfig("vader");
bool isNoOpMode = vader.getBoolean("state");
因此,您可以为应用程序设置通用性。
正如您所说,对于
DarthVader
自己,您可以进行健谈解决方案(响应StormTrooper
),或者将您的第一种方法与Ask
模式结合使用。您将向DarthVader
发送报告,并返回Future,等待DarthVader
响应。Timeout timeout = new Timeout(Duration.create(5, "seconds"));
Future<Object> future = Patterns.ask(lordVader, statusReportMsg, timeout);
请注意,您不想调用
Await
方法,而是要处理onComplete
内部的响应,例如:final ExecutionContext ec = system.dispatcher();
future.onComplete(new OnComplete<VaderResponse>() {
public void onComplete(Throwable failure, VaderResponse result) {
if (failure != null) {
// Derp
} else {
// Report acknowledged
}
}
}, ec);