使用Delphi,如何访问等效于.NET的System.Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData变量(可在任何Windows版本上使用)?我以为我可以做:

dir := GetEnvironmentVariable('LOCALAPPDATA');

这可以在Vista上运行,但是XP至少在我的测试机上似乎没有默认设置该环境变量。

最佳答案

在Delphi中,特殊的系统文件夹路径常量在ShlObj.DCU中定义,并以CSIDL_的形式引用,后跟符号名称。
例子:

  • CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY返回
    当前桌面
  • 的路径
  • CSIDL_PERSONAL是“我的文档”目录
  • CSIDL___LOCAL_APPDATA是(用户名)\Local Settings\Application
    数据目录

  • 这是一个快速功能,当给定符号名称时,它将返回适当的特殊文件夹路径。确保在USES语句中包括SHLOBJ.DCU单元,并使用以下命令:
    function GetSpecialFolderPath(Folder: Integer; CanCreate: Boolean): string;
    
    // Gets path of special system folders
    //
    // Call this routine as follows:
    // GetSpecialFolderPath (CSIDL_PERSONAL, false)
    //        returns folder as result
    //
    var
       FilePath: array [0..255] of char;
    
    begin
     SHGetSpecialFolderPath(0, @FilePath[0], FOLDER, CanCreate);
     Result := FilePath;
    end;
    

    ================================================== ==============

    作为引用,这些常量如下:
      CSIDL_DESKTOP                       = $0000; { <desktop> }
      CSIDL_INTERNET                      = $0001; { Internet Explorer (icon on desktop) }
      CSIDL_PROGRAMS                      = $0002; { Start Menu\Programs }
      CSIDL_CONTROLS                      = $0003; { My Computer\Control Panel }
      CSIDL_PRINTERS                      = $0004; { My Computer\Printers }
      CSIDL_PERSONAL                      = $0005; { My Documents.  This is equivalent to CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS in XP and above }
      CSIDL_FAVORITES                     = $0006; { <user name>\Favorites }
      CSIDL_STARTUP                       = $0007; { Start Menu\Programs\Startup }
      CSIDL_RECENT                        = $0008; { <user name>\Recent }
      CSIDL_SENDTO                        = $0009; { <user name>\SendTo }
      CSIDL_BITBUCKET                     = $000a; { <desktop>\Recycle Bin }
      CSIDL_STARTMENU                     = $000b; { <user name>\Start Menu }
      CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS                   = $000c; { logical "My Documents" desktop icon }
      CSIDL_MYMUSIC                       = $000d; { "My Music" folder }
      CSIDL_MYVIDEO                       = $000e; { "My Video" folder }
      CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY              = $0010; { <user name>\Desktop }
      CSIDL_DRIVES                        = $0011; { My Computer }
      CSIDL_NETWORK                       = $0012; { Network Neighborhood (My Network Places) }
      CSIDL_NETHOOD                       = $0013; { <user name>\nethood }
      CSIDL_FONTS                         = $0014; { windows\fonts }
      CSIDL_TEMPLATES                     = $0015;
      CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU              = $0016; { All Users\Start Menu }
      CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS               = $0017; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs }
      CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP                = $0018; { All Users\Startup }
      CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY       = $0019; { All Users\Desktop }
      CSIDL_APPDATA                       = $001a; { <user name>\Application Data }
      CSIDL_PRINTHOOD                     = $001b; { <user name>\PrintHood }
      CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA                 = $001c; { <user name>\Local Settings\Application Data (non roaming) }
      CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP                    = $001d; { non localized startup }
      CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP             = $001e; { non localized common startup }
      CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES              = $001f;
      CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE                = $0020;
      CSIDL_COOKIES                       = $0021;
      CSIDL_HISTORY                       = $0022;
      CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA                = $0023; { All Users\Application Data }
      CSIDL_WINDOWS                       = $0024; { GetWindowsDirectory() }
      CSIDL_SYSTEM                        = $0025; { GetSystemDirectory() }
      CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES                 = $0026; { C:\Program Files }
      CSIDL_MYPICTURES                    = $0027; { C:\Program Files\My Pictures }
      CSIDL_PROFILE                       = $0028; { USERPROFILE }
      CSIDL_SYSTEMX86                     = $0029; { x86 system directory on RISC }
      CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86              = $002a; { x86 C:\Program Files on RISC }
      CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON          = $002b; { C:\Program Files\Common }
      CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86       = $002c; { x86 C:\Program Files\Common on RISC }
      CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES              = $002d; { All Users\Templates }
      CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS              = $002e; { All Users\Documents }
      CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS             = $002f; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
      CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS                    = $0030; { <user name>\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
      CSIDL_CONNECTIONS                   = $0031; { Network and Dial-up Connections }
      CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC                  = $0035; { All Users\My Music }
      CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES               = $0036; { All Users\My Pictures }
      CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO                  = $0037; { All Users\My Video }
      CSIDL_RESOURCES                     = $0038; { Resource Directory }
      CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED           = $0039; { Localized Resource Directory }
      CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS              = $003a; { Links to All Users OEM specific apps }
      CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA                   = $003b; { USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning }
      CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME               = $003d; { Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership) }
      CSIDL_PROFILES                      = $003e;
    

    10-08 19:44