RPC全称为Remote Procedure Call,翻译过来为“远程过程调用”。目前,主流的平台中都支持各种远程调用技术,以满足分布式系统架构中不同的系统之间的远程通信和相互调用。远程调用的应用场景极其广泛,实现的方式也各式各样。
基于HTTP协议的(例如基于文本的SOAP(XML)、Rest(JSON),基于二进制Hessian(Binary))
基于TCP协议的(通常会借助Mina、Netty等高性能网络框架)
基于TCP协议的(通常会借助Mina、Netty等高性能网络框架)
php实现简单的rpc
rpc服务端
<?php /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:46 * Description: Rpc服务端 */ class RpcServer { /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:51 * @var array * Description: 此类的基本配置 */ private $params = [ 'host' => '', // ip地址,列出来的目的是为了友好看出来此变量中存储的信息 'port' => '', // 端口 'path' => '' // 服务目录 ]; /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:14 * @var array * Description: 本类常用配置 */ private $config = [ 'real_path' => '', 'max_size' => 2048 // 最大接收数据大小 ]; /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:50 * @var nul * Description: */ private $server = null; /** * Rpc constructor. */ public function __construct($params) { $this->check(); $this->init($params); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:0 * Description: 必要验证 */ private function check() { $this->serverPath(); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:48 * Description: 初始化必要参数 */ private function init($params) { // 将传递过来的参数初始化 $this->params = $params; // 创建tcpsocket服务 $this->createServer(); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:0 * Description: 创建tcpsocket服务 */ private function createServer() { $this->server = stream_socket_server("tcp://{$this->params['host']}:{$this->params['port']}", $errno,$errstr); if (!$this->server) exit([ $errno,$errstr ]); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:57 * Description: rpc服务目录 */ public function serverPath() { $path = $this->params['path']; $realPath = realpath(__DIR__ . $path); if ($realPath === false ||!file_exists($realPath)) { exit("{$path} error!"); } $this->config['real_path'] = $realPath; } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/15 下午11:51 * Description: 返回当前对象 */ public static function instance($params) { return new RpcServer($params); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:06 * Description: 运行 */ public function run() { while (true) { $client = stream_socket_accept($this->server); if ($client) { echo "有新连接\n"; $buf = fread($client, $this->config['max_size']); print_r('接收到的原始数据:'.$buf."\n"); // 自定义协议目的是拿到类方法和参数(可改成自己定义的) $this->parseProtocol($buf,$class, $method,$params); // 执行方法 $this->execMethod($client, $class, $method, $params); //关闭客户端 fclose($client); echo "关闭了连接\n"; } } } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:19 * @param $class * @param $method * @param $params * Description: 执行方法 */ private function execMethod($client, $class, $method, $params) { if($class && $method) { // 首字母转为大写 $class = ucfirst($class); $file = $this->params['path'] . '/' . $class . '.php'; //判断文件是否存在,如果有,则引入文件 if(file_exists($file)) { require_once $file; //实例化类,并调用客户端指定的方法 $obj = new $class(); //如果有参数,则传入指定参数 if(!$params) { $data = $obj->$method(); } else { $data = $obj->$method($params); } // 打包数据 $this->packProtocol($data); //把运行后的结果返回给客户端 fwrite($client, $data); } } else { fwrite($client, 'class or method error'); } } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:10 * Description: 解析协议 */ private function parseProtocol($buf, &$class, &$method, &$params) { $buf = json_decode($buf, true); $class = $buf['class']; $method = $buf['method']; $params = $buf['params']; } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:30 * @param $data * Description: 打包协议 */ private function packProtocol(&$data) { $data = json_encode($data, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE); } } RpcServer::instance([ 'host' => '127.0.0.1', 'port' => 8888, 'path' => './api' ])->run();
rpc客户端
<?php /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:2 * Description: Rpc客户端 */ class RpcClient { /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:21 * @var array * Description: 调用的地址 */ private $urlInfo = array(); /** * RpcClient constructor. */ public function __construct($url) { $this->urlInfo = parse_url($url); } /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:2 * Description: 返回当前对象 */ public static function instance($url) { return new RpcClient($url); } public function __call($name, $arguments) { // TODO: Implement __call() method. //创建一个客户端 $client = stream_socket_client("tcp://{$this->urlInfo['host']}:{$this->urlInfo['port']}", $errno, $errstr); if (!$client) { exit("{$errno} : {$errstr} \n"); } $data = [ 'class' => basename($this->urlInfo['path']), 'method' => $name, 'params' => $arguments ]; //向服务端发送我们自定义的协议数据 fwrite($client, json_encode($data)); //读取服务端传来的数据 $data = fread($client, 2048); //关闭客户端 fclose($client); return $data; } } $cli = new RpcClient('http://127.0.0.1:8888/test'); echo $cli->tuzisir1()."\n"; echo $cli->tuzisir2(array('name' => 'tuzisir', 'age' => 23));
<?php /** * User: yuzhao * CreateTime: 2018/11/16 上午12:28 * Description: */ class Test { public function tuzisir1() { return '我是无参方法'; } public function tuzisir2($params) { return $params; } }
RPC的注意事项
性能:影响RPC性能的主要在几个方面:
1.序列化/反序列化的框架
2.网络协议,网络模型,线程模型等