我正在使用下面的代码来生成以下图表。
# Setup
data(airquality)
# Device start
png(filename = "example.png", units = "cm", width = 20, height = 14, res = 300)
# Define chart
pairs.chrt <- ggpairs(airquality,
lower = list(continuous = "smooth"),
diag = list(continuous = "blank"),
upper = list(continuous = "blank")) +
theme(legend.position = "none",
panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
axis.ticks = element_blank(),
axis.title.x = element_text(angle = 180, vjust = 1, color = "black"),
panel.border = element_rect(fill = NA))
# Device off and print
print(pairs.chrt)
dev.off()
我目前正在尝试修改轴标题的显示。我特别希望轴标题为:
与轴标签距离更远
倾斜放置
例如,我想获得与下图相似的轴标题(我只对轴标签感兴趣,而对其余图表不感兴趣):
取自:Geovisualist
我尝试调整我的语法,将
axis.title.x
更改为不同的值,但无法产生所需的结果。例如,使用angle = 45
运行代码。axis.title.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 1, color = "black"),
panel.border = element_rect(fill = NA))
返回相同的图表。例如,我可以通过更改
axis.text.x
来控制轴标签,但是在该图中找不到如何控制轴标题的答案。任何帮助都感激不尽。 最佳答案
简短答案:似乎没有一种优雅或简便的方法,但这是一种解决方法。
我钻入了ggpairs
源代码(在 GGally package source available from CRAN中),以了解如何实际绘制变量标签。 ggpairs.R
中的相关功能是print.ggpairs
。事实证明,变量标签不是绘图矩阵的每个单元格中ggplot
对象的一部分-即它们不是轴标题,这就是为什么使用theme(axis.title.x = element_text(angle = 45)
或类似名称不会影响它们的原因。
相反,它们似乎使用grid.text
(在'grid'
包中)作为文本注释绘制。 grid.text
使用x, y, hjust, vjust, rot
(请参见rot
)接受包括gpar
(其中?grid.text
是旋转角度)以及字体大小,字体系列等在内的参数,但看起来目前没有将这些参数的不同值传递给print.ggpairs
的方法-它们固定为默认值。
您可以通过以下方法来解决此问题:首先将变量标签留空,然后使用print.ggpairs
代码的相关部分进行修改,然后使用自定义的放置,旋转和样式添加它们。我想出了以下修改。 (顺便说一句,因为原始的GGally
源代码是在GPL-3 license下发布的,所以此修改也是如此。)
customize.labels <- function(
plotObj,
varLabels = NULL, #vector of variable labels
titleLabel = NULL, #string for title
leftWidthProportion = 0.2, #if you changed these from default...
bottomHeightProportion = 0.1, #when calling print(plotObj),...
spacingProportion = 0.03, #then change them the same way here so labels will line up with plot matrix.
left.opts = NULL, #see pattern in left.opts.default
bottom.opts = NULL, #see pattern in bottom.opts.default
title.opts = NULL) { #see pattern in title.opts.default
require('grid')
vplayout <- function(x, y) {
viewport(layout.pos.row = x, layout.pos.col = y)
}
numCol <- length(plotObj$columns)
if (is.null(varLabels)) {
varLabels <- colnames(plotObj$data)
#default to using the column names of the data
} else if (length(varLabels) != numCol){
stop('Length of varLabels must be equal to the number of columns')
}
#set defaults for left margin label style
left.opts.default <- list(x=0,
y=0.5,
rot=90,
just=c('centre', 'centre'), #first gives horizontal justification, second gives vertical
gp=list(fontsize=get.gpar('fontsize')))
#set defaults for bottom margin label style
bottom.opts.default <- list(x=0,
y=0.5,
rot=0,
just=c('centre', 'centre'),#first gives horizontal justification, second gives vertical
gp=list(fontsize=get.gpar('fontsize')))
#set defaults for title text style
title.opts.default <- list(x = 0.5,
y = 1,
just = c(.5,1),
gp=list(fontsize=15))
#if opts not provided, go with defaults
if (is.null(left.opts)) {
left.opts <- left.opts.default
} else{
not.given <- names(left.opts.default)[!names(left.opts.default) %in%
names(left.opts)]
if (length(not.given)>0){
left.opts[not.given] <- left.opts.default[not.given]
}
}
if (is.null(bottom.opts)) {
bottom.opts <- bottom.opts.default
} else{
not.given <- names(bottom.opts.default)[!names(bottom.opts.default) %in%
names(bottom.opts)]
if (length(not.given)>0){
bottom.opts[not.given] <- bottom.opts.default[not.given]
}
}
if (is.null(title.opts)) {
title.opts <- title.opts.default
} else{
not.given <- names(title.opts.default)[!names(title.opts.default) %in%
names(title.opts)]
if (length(not.given)>0){
title.opts[not.given] <- title.opts.default[not.given]
}
}
showLabels <- TRUE
viewPortWidths <- c(leftWidthProportion,
1,
rep(c(spacingProportion,1),
numCol - 1))
viewPortHeights <- c(rep(c(1,
spacingProportion),
numCol - 1),
1,
bottomHeightProportion)
viewPortCount <- length(viewPortWidths)
if(!is.null(titleLabel)){
pushViewport(viewport(height = unit(1,"npc") - unit(.4,"lines")))
do.call('grid.text', c(title.opts[names(title.opts)!='gp'],
list(label=titleLabel,
gp=do.call('gpar',
title.opts[['gp']]))))
popViewport()
}
# viewport for Left Names
pushViewport(viewport(width=unit(1, "npc") - unit(2,"lines"),
height=unit(1, "npc") - unit(3, "lines")))
## new for axis spacingProportion
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(
viewPortCount, viewPortCount,
widths = viewPortWidths, heights = viewPortHeights
)))
# Left Side
for(i in 1:numCol){
do.call('grid.text',
c(left.opts[names(left.opts)!='gp'],
list(label=varLabels[i],
vp = vplayout(as.numeric(i) * 2 - 1 ,1),
gp=do.call('gpar',
left.opts[['gp']]))))
}
popViewport()# layout
popViewport()# spacing
# viewport for Bottom Names
pushViewport(viewport(width=unit(1, "npc") - unit(3,"lines"),
height=unit(1, "npc") - unit(2, "lines")))
## new for axis spacing
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(
viewPortCount, viewPortCount,
widths = viewPortWidths, heights = viewPortHeights)))
# Bottom Side
for(i in 1:numCol){
do.call('grid.text',
c(bottom.opts[names(bottom.opts)!='gp'],
list(label=varLabels[i],
vp = vplayout(2*numCol, 2*i),
gp=do.call('gpar',
bottom.opts[['gp']]))))
}
popViewport() #layout
popViewport() #spacing
}
这是调用该函数的示例:
require('data.table')
require('GGally')
require('grid')
fake.data <- data.table(test.1=rnorm(50), #make some fake data for demonstration
test.2=rnorm(50),
test.3=rnorm(50),
test.4=rnorm(50))
g <- ggpairs(data=fake.data,
columnLabels=rep('', ncol(fake.data)))
#Set columnLabels to a vector of blank column labels
#so that original variable labels will be blank.
print(g)
customize.labels(plotObj=g,
titleLabel = 'Test plot', #string for title
left.opts = list(x=-0.5, #moves farther to the left, away from vertical axis
y=0.5, #centered with respect to vertical axis
just=c('center', 'center'),
rot=90,
gp=list(col='red',
fontface='italic',
fontsize=12)),
bottom.opts = list(x=0.5,
y=0,
rot=45, #angle the text at 45 degrees
just=c('center', 'top'),
gp=list(col='red',
fontface='bold',
fontsize=10)),
title.opts = list(gp=list(col='green',
fontface='bold.italic'))
)
(这使标签非常丑陋-仅用于演示!)
我不打算将标签放置在左侧和底部以外的其他地方(如您的Geovisualist示例一样),但我认为您可以通过将“左侧”和“底部”中的参数更改为
vplayout
来实现。 customize.labels
中的“ Side”代码。 x
中的y
和grid.text
坐标是相对于视口定义的,视口将显示区域划分为网格pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(
viewPortCount, viewPortCount,
widths = viewPortWidths, heights = viewPortHeights
)))
对
vplayout
的调用指定了使用网格的哪个单元格定位每个标签。关于r - 以ggpairs(GGally)操作轴标题,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28427572/