说我有这个数组:
testResults = [
{
dateCreated: "2014-07-12",
score: 27.1
},
{
dateCreated: "2014-05-11",
score: 99.3,
},
{
dateCreated: "2014-07-22",
score: 88.8
},
{
dateCreated: "2014-07-01",
score: 33.3
}
];
我想创建一个函数:
将
testResults
,startDate
,endDate
和interval
作为参数并计算平均测试结果,并返回一个数组作为结果:calculateTestAverages(testResults, "2014-04-01", "2014-07-30", "month");
会回来
testAverages = [0, 99.3, 0, 49.7]
我想现在我只想创建一个中间二维数组:
intermediaryArray = [ [0], [99.3], [0], [27.1, 88.8, 33.3] ]
因为在此中间数组上计算平均值很容易。
到目前为止,我没有用:
// takes a string date and converts it into a Date object.
var convertToDateObject = function(date){
dateObject = new Date(date);
return dateObject;
}
// takes a string date and returns the month.
var getMonth = function(date){
return convertToDateObject(date).getMonth();
}
var calculateTestAverages = function(testResults, startDate, endDate, interval){
var intermediaryArray = [];
if( interval == "month" ){
startingMonth = getMonth(startDate);
endingMonth = getMonth(endDate);
maxArrayIndex = endingMonth - startingMonth;
for (var i = 0; i <= maxArrayIndex; i++){
intermediaryArray[i] = [];
for (var month = startingMonth; month <= endingMonth; month++){
for (var testNumber = 0; testNumber < testResults.length; testNumber++){
if ( getMonth(testResults[testNumber].dateCreated) == month ){
intermediaryArray[i].push(testResults[testNumber].score);
};
};
};
};
};
return intermediaryArray;
}
我已经在这件事上停留了几个小时。我认为此时我的大脑有点炸。
最佳答案
我将首先回答您的问题,然后解释出了什么问题。不用担心,您代码的逻辑绝对好。这只是放错了花括号,即}
。
让我们看一下嵌套的for
循环,看看它们如何进行:
var intermediaryArray = []; //initialized earlier
...
for (var i = 0; i <= maxArrayIndex; i++){
intermediaryArray[i] = [];
for (var month = startingMonth; month <= endingMonth; month++){
for (var testNumber = 0; testNumber < testResults.length; testNumber++){
if ( getMonth(testResults[testNumber].dateCreated) == month ){
intermediaryArray[i].push(testResults[testNumber].score);
};
};
};
};
在您提供的测试案例中,
intermediaryArray
的长度为4,可以完美地计算出它的长度。最外面的for
循环运行四次。对于每次迭代,您都需要执行以下步骤: for (var month = startingMonth; month <= endingMonth; month++){
for (var testNumber = 0; testNumber < testResults.length; testNumber++){
if ( getMonth(testResults[testNumber].dateCreated) == month ){
intermediaryArray[i].push(testResults[testNumber].score);
};
};
};
上面的代码基本上从
startingMonth
循环到endingMonth
,并在该月中找到testResulsts
数组的适当元素,并应将其推送到intermediaryArray
。本质上,特定月份应该有一个条目,表示
index
中的intermediaryArray
。但是,在您的for
循环中,每个intermediaryArray
索引都针对所有月份进行此检查。让我们来试一下i = 0
: i = 0
-----------
startingMonth = 4,
endingMonth = 7
month = 4 : Nothing gets pushed into intermediaryArray[0]
month = 5 : {dateCreated: "05/11/2014",score: 99.3} gets pushed into intermediaryArray[0]
month = 6 : Nothing gets pushed
month = 7 : The remaining 3 tests get pushed into intermediaryArray[0]
Ultimately all the results get pushed into intermediaryArray[0] as we did not change i with the month variable
这就是为什么您在最终返回的
intermediaryArray
中,在所有循环的末尾都推送了所有testResults
的原因。解决方法非常简单,您只需初始化一次
intermediaryArray
,然后填充intermediaryArray[i]
,即每个月向其推送新元素。换句话说,您循环遍历intermediaryArray
循环中的for
循环,其中循环遍历月份,因为元素之间存在一一对应的关系。这样的事情就足够了:
for (var i = 0; i <= maxArrayIndex; i++){
intermediaryArray[i] = []; //Initialize the empty array here based on the size
};
for (var month = startingMonth,i=0; month <= endingMonth; month++,i++){
//Simply update the value of i when you update the value of month.
//You don't have to enclose the whole thing into the loop that initialises intermediaryArray
for (var testNumber = 0; testNumber < testResults.length; testNumber++){
if ( getMonth(testResults[testNumber].dateCreated) == month ){
intermediaryArray[i].push(testResults[testNumber].score);
};
};
};
在对它们进行编码之前,最好对我们在
for
循环上施加的约束进行计划。一旦知道了数组的遍历方式和存储方式,只需将正确的条件插入for
循环即可。希望它能使事情澄清并帮助您朝正确的方向开始。