我试图在我的GUI上放置一个控制台类型的东西,为此,我非常确定必须将文本追加到JTextArea。为了使控制台真正有价值,我将不得不添加来自其他类的文本。为此,我构建了一种将字符串追加到控制台的方法,但是该方法抛出NullPointerException并失败。
我想知道的是如何将其他类的文本追加到控制台(JTextArea)。
这是我的代码:
package com.robot;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.ScrollPaneConstants;
public class GUI extends JFrame implements Runnable {
static JTextArea console;
//defines the line break
static String newline = System.getProperty("line.separator");
//start of the constructor method for GUI
public GUI() {
//makes the program unable to be resized
this.setResizable(false);
//allows the user to close the program with the x button
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//sets the title of the program
this.setTitle("ROBOT Alpha Alfred Version 3.0");
//creates panels to hold the elements of the GUI
JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel consolePanel = new JPanel();
//creates buttons
JButton runDemo = new JButton("Run Demo");
JButton runLive = new JButton("Run Live");
JButton scan = new JButton("Scan Market");
JButton findPatterns = new JButton("Find Patterns");
JButton cleanFolder = new JButton("Clean Up Folder");
JButton configureSettings = new JButton("Configure Settings");
//creates the console
JTextArea console = new JTextArea(6, 40);
//sets the default text of the console
console.setText("----------------------- ROBOT Console -----------------------" + newline);
//makes the console unable to be edited
console.setEditable(false);
//sets the line wrapping of the console
console.setLineWrap(true);
console.setWrapStyleWord(true);
//creates scroll bars
JScrollPane scrollBar = new JScrollPane(console);
scrollBar.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED);
scrollBar.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED);
//adds buttons to the buttonPanel
buttonPanel.add(runDemo);
buttonPanel.add(runLive);
buttonPanel.add(scan);
buttonPanel.add(findPatterns);
buttonPanel.add(cleanFolder);
buttonPanel.add(configureSettings);
//adds the console to the console panel
consolePanel.add(scrollBar);
//adds panels to the main panel
mainPanel.add(buttonPanel);
mainPanel.add(consolePanel);
//adds the main panel to the frame
this.add(mainPanel);
//packs the GUI
this.pack();
//sizes the GUI
this.setSize(600, 400);
//centers the GUI
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
//sets the GUI to be visible
this.setVisible(true);
}
public void run() {
}
public static void add(String string) {
console.append(string + newline);
}
}
这是将文本追加到控制台的方法:
public static void add(String string) {
console.append(string + newline);
}
这是您真正要注意的部分(嗯,仍然要注意append方法):
static JTextArea console;
这是调用add方法的方式以及它引发NullPointerException的位置:
//main method start
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException, AWTException {
//opens up the GUI
(new Thread(new GUI())).start();
GUI.add("Text to add");
//possible methods
//ScanMarket.scanMarket(); //scans market for data
//FindPattern("Images"); //finds pattern among images in image folder labeled Images
}//end of main method
顺便说一下我尝试改变
console.setEditable(false);
至
console.setEditable(true);
并且仍然抛出NullPointerException。非常感谢你的帮助!
最佳答案
由于您在构造函数中重新声明了控制台变量,因此您的代码使控制台变量变得无影无踪。不要这样
该静态add(String...)
方法不应是静态的。使其成为实例方法。
即,你有
class Foo {
private Bar bar; // this guy is null
public Foo() {
Bar bar = new Bar(); // the class field is *still* null
// since this bar variable is local to the constructor only.
}
}
通过在构造函数中重新声明
bar
变量,类中的实例字段将保持为空。您不应在构造函数中重新声明变量,就像这样:class Foo {
private Bar bar; // class field is null here
public Foo() {
bar = new Bar(); // now no longer null. *** note the difference
}
}
实际上,除了主要方法和一种或两种支持方法外,上面使用的方法或字段都不应该是静态的。