perl - 模式匹配和Perl中的正则表达式？

我正在Perl和正则表达式中研究chet-bot程序，但是我没有得到预期的结果，因为您看到我的哈希中有所有代词和动词，并且我遍历字符串，如果它与哈希键匹配，则将其替换为哈希键值当前的子字符串值。

程序输出
Eliza:嗨，我是心理治疗师。你叫什么名字？
亚当:我叫亚当
Eliza:亚当你好，你好吗？
亚当:我感到不舒服
Eliza:为什么您会感到不适？
亚当:，因为我生病了
Eliza:为什么会生病？

不管最后一个问题中的“因为”一词，但输出应该是这样的

Eliza:为什么因为您生病了？
关于如何解决此问题的任何建议。

代码:

sub makeQuestion{
    my ($patient) = @_;
    my %reflections = (
        "am"    =>   "are ",
        "was"   =>   "were ",
        "i"     =>   "you ",
        "i'd"   =>   "you would ",
        "i've"  =>   "you have ",
        "i'll"  =>   "you will ",
        "my"    =>   "your ",
        "are"   =>   "am ",
        "you've"=>   "I have ",
        "you'll"=>   "I will ",
        "your"  =>   "my ",
        "yours" =>   "mine ",
        "you"   =>   "me ",
        "me"    =>   "you "
    );

    my @toBes = keys %reflections;
    foreach my $toBe (@toBes) {
        if ($patient =~/$toBe\b/)
        {
            $patient=~ s/$toBe /$reflections{$toBe}/i;

        }

    }
    print "Why $patient? \n";
}

最佳答案

编辑:如@zdin所建议，我将'\s'替换为' '，它将匹配任意数量的空格，并且也忽略前导空格。

那是因为您要遍历％reflections哈希的完整键并进行系统替换。因此，您在循环1中找到“am”键，并将其替换为“are”。然后，您在循环8中找到“are”键，并将其替换为“am”。

在替换单个单词时，您应该使用split来确保只对单个单词运行一次:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

my $question = '';

while ($question ne 'stop') {
    $question = <STDIN>;
    chomp $question;
    print makeQuestion($question)."\n";
}

sub makeQuestion{
    my ($patient) = @_;
    my @new_question;
    my %reflections = (
        "am"    =>   "are",
        "was"   =>   "were",
        "i"     =>   "you",
        "i'd"   =>   "you would",
        "i've"  =>   "you have",
        "i'll"  =>   "you will",
        "my"    =>   "your",
        "are"   =>   "am",
        "you've"=>   "I have",
        "you'll"=>   "I will",
        "your"  =>   "my",
        "yours" =>   "mine",
        "you"   =>   "me",
        "me"    =>   "you",
    );
    WORDS: foreach my $word (split ' ', $patient) {
        REPLACE: foreach my $key (keys %reflections) {
            if ($word =~ m{\A$key\Z}i) {
                $word =~ s{$key}{$reflections{$key}}i;
                 last REPLACE;
            }
        }
       push @new_question, $word;
    }
    return join ' ', @new_question;
}

关于perl - 模式匹配和Perl中的正则表达式？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42018775/