请多多包涵,在OP有意义之前,有一些背景信息。我正在使用Slick 3.1.x和光滑代码生成器。 btw整个源代码可以在play-authenticate-usage-scala github project中找到。对于这个项目,我希望有一个光滑的通用Dao,以避免为每个模型重复相同的样板代码。

我有一个postgres sql脚本,它使用此处的演变来创建数据库:
1.sql

然后,我调用一个生成器,该生成器生成以下数据模型:
Tables.scala

为了能够为模型类提供通用的dao slick实现,我需要它们遵守一些基本抽象,例如

  • Entity特性:每个实体都有一个id,例如dao的findById
  • 所需
  • AutoIncEntity特性声明了def copyWithNewId(id : PK) : Entity[PK]方法。对于dao的createAndFetch实现来说,这是必需的,它可以持久保存一个新实体,并在一个步骤中检索自动生成的id PK。

  • copyWithNewId是OP的重点。请注意,它被称为copyWithNewId而不是copy以避免无限递归。为了能够实现允许插入并立即获取自动生成的idGenericDaoAutoIncImpl,实体行需要一种来自copy(id = id)案例类的<Model>Row方法,该方法在定义GenericDaoAutoIncImpl时尚不为人所知。相关实现如下:
    override def createAndFetch(entity: E): Future[Option[E]] = {
      val insertQuery = tableQuery returning tableQuery.map(_.id)
                            into ((row, id) => row.copyWithNewId(id))
      db.run((insertQuery += entity).flatMap(row => findById(row.id)))
    }
    

    这需要我在每个copyWithNewId AutoInc生成的模型中实现id方法,这不是很好,例如
    // generated code and modified later to adapt it for the generic dao
    case class UserRow(id: Long, ...) extends AutoIncEntity[Long] with Subject {
      override def copyWithNewId(id : Long) : Entity[Long] = this.copy(id = id)
    }
    

    但是,如果我可以-使用一些Scala技巧-定义可复制并复制自身的基类的<Model>Row case类子类,除了传递的id即带有IdCopyablecopy(id = id)之外,那么我就不需要为每个copyWithNewId遍历该<Model>Row生成的案例类。

    对于包含copy(id = id)属性的任何案例类,是否有一种方法可以抽象或“提取”重构id?还有其他推荐的解决方案吗?

    更新1 以下内容概括了我遇到的问题:
    scala> abstract class BaseA[A <: BaseA[_]] { def copy(id : Int) : A }
    defined class BaseA
    
    scala> case class A(id: Int) extends BaseA[A]
    <console>:12: error: class A needs to be abstract, since method copy in class BaseA of type (id: Int)A is not defined
       case class A(id: Int) extends BaseA[A]
                  ^
    
    scala> case class A(id: Int); val a = A(5); a.copy(6)
    defined class A
    a: A = A(5)
    res0: A = A(6)
    

    更新2 使用以下建议的解决方案,我得到以下编译错误:
    [error] /home/bravegag/code/play-authenticate-usage-scala/app/dao/GenericDaoAutoIncImpl.scala:26: could not find implicit value for parameter gen: shapeless.Generic.Aux[E,Repr]
    [error]     val insertQuery = tableQuery returning tableQuery.map(_.id) into ((row, id) => row.copyWithNewId(id))
    [error]                                                                                                     ^
    [error] /home/bravegag/code/play-authenticate-usage-scala/app/dao/GenericDaoAutoIncImpl.scala:27: value id is not a member of insertQuery.SingleInsertResult
    [error]     db.run((insertQuery += entity).flatMap(row => findById(row.id)))
    [error]                                                                ^
    [error] two errors found
    

    使用下面的拟议的镜头解决方案更新3 ,我得到以下编译器错误:
    import shapeless._, tag.@@
    import shapeless._
    import tag.$at$at
    
    /**
      * Identifyable base for all Strong Entity Model types
      * @tparam PK Primary key type
      * @tparam E Actual case class EntityRow type
      */
    trait AutoIncEntity[PK, E <: AutoIncEntity[PK, E]] extends Entity[PK] { self: E =>
      //------------------------------------------------------------------------
      // public
      //------------------------------------------------------------------------
      /**
        * Returns the entity with updated id as generated by the database
        * @param id The entity id
        * @return the entity with updated id as generated by the database
        */
      def copyWithNewId(id : PK)(implicit mkLens: MkFieldLens.Aux[E, Symbol @@ Witness.`"id"`.T, PK]) : E = {
        (lens[E] >> 'id).set(self)(id)
      }
    }
    

    然后,我得到以下编译器错误:
    [error] /home/bravegag/code/play-authenticate-usage-scala/app/dao/GenericDaoAutoIncImpl.scala:26: could not find implicit value for parameter mkLens: shapeless.MkFieldLens.Aux[E,shapeless.tag.@@[Symbol,String("id")],PK]
    [error]     val insertQuery = tableQuery returning tableQuery.map(_.id) into ((row, id) => row.copyWithNewId(id))
    [error]                                                                                                     ^
    [error] /home/bravegag/code/play-authenticate-usage-scala/app/dao/GenericDaoAutoIncImpl.scala:27: value id is not a member of insertQuery.SingleInsertResult
    [error]     db.run((insertQuery += entity).flatMap(row => findById(row.id)))
    [error]                                                                ^
    

    最佳答案

    使用shapeless可以抽象出案例类。

    1.手动抽象案例类

    如果假设每个id都是Long且是case类的第一个参数,则它可能如下所示:

    scala> import shapeless._, ops.hlist.{IsHCons, Prepend}
    import shapeless._
    import ops.hlist.{IsHCons, Prepend}
    
    scala> trait Copy[A <: Copy[A]] { self: A =>
         |   def copyWithId[Repr <: HList, Tail <: HList](l: Long)(
         |     implicit
         |     gen: Generic.Aux[A,Repr],
         |     cons: IsHCons.Aux[Repr,Long,Tail],
         |     prep: Prepend.Aux[Long :: HNil,Tail,Repr]
         |   ) = gen.from(prep(l :: HNil, cons.tail(gen.to(self))))
         | }
    defined trait Copy
    
    scala> case class Foo(id: Long, s: String) extends Copy[Foo]
    defined class Foo
    
    scala> Foo(4L, "foo").copyWithId(5L)
    res1: Foo = Foo(5,foo)
    

    也可能以更清洁的方式实现;我还没有精通无形编程。而且我非常确定,对于参数列表中任何位置的任何类型的id的案例类,也可以执行此操作。 请参阅下面的第2段。

    您可能希望将此逻辑封装在可重用的类型类中:
    scala> :paste
    // Entering paste mode (ctrl-D to finish)
    
    import shapeless._, ops.hlist.{IsHCons, Prepend}
    
    sealed trait IdCopy[A] {
      def copyWithId(self: A, id: Long): A
    }
    
    object IdCopy {
      def apply[A: IdCopy] = implicitly[IdCopy[A]]
      implicit def mkIdCopy[A, Repr <: HList, Tail <: HList](
        implicit
        gen: Generic.Aux[A,Repr],
        cons: IsHCons.Aux[Repr,Long,Tail],
        prep: Prepend.Aux[Long :: HNil,Tail,Repr]
      ): IdCopy[A] =
        new IdCopy[A] {
          def copyWithId(self: A, id: Long): A =
            gen.from(prep(id :: HNil, cons.tail(gen.to(self))))
        }
    }
    
    // Exiting paste mode, now interpreting.
    
    import shapeless._
    import ops.hlist.{IsHCons, Prepend}
    defined trait IdCopy
    defined object IdCopy
    
    scala> def copy[A: IdCopy](a: A, id: Long) = IdCopy[A].copyWithId(a, id)
    copy: [A](a: A, id: Long)(implicit evidence$1: IdCopy[A])A
    
    scala> case class Foo(id: Long, str: String)
    defined class Foo
    
    scala> copy(Foo(4L, "foo"), 5L)
    res0: Foo = Foo(5,foo)
    

    如果对您很重要,您仍然可以将您的copyWithId方法放在您的案例类可以扩展的特征中:
    scala> trait Copy[A <: Copy[A]] { self: A =>
         |   def copyWithId(id: Long)(implicit copy: IdCopy[A]) = copy.copyWithId(self, id)
         | }
    defined trait Copy
    
    scala> case class Foo(id: Long, str: String) extends Copy[Foo]
    defined class Foo
    
    scala> Foo(4L, "foo").copyWithId(5L)
    res1: Foo = Foo(5,foo)
    

    重要的是,您可以通过使用上下文范围或隐式参数将类型类实例从使用站点传播到需要的地方。
    override def createAndFetch(entity: E)(implicit copy: IdCopy[E]): Future[Option[E]] = {
      val insertQuery = tableQuery returning tableQuery.map(_.id)
                            into ((row, id) => row.copyWithId(id))
      db.run((insertQuery += entity).flatMap(row => findById(row.id)))
    }
    

    2.使用镜头

    Shapeless还提供了lenses,您可以将ojit_a完全用于此目的。这样,您可以更新任何具有id字段的案例类的id字段。
    scala> :paste
    // Entering paste mode (ctrl-D to finish)
    
    sealed trait IdCopy[A,ID] {
      def copyWithId(self: A, id: ID): A
    }
    
    object IdCopy {
      import shapeless._, tag.@@
      implicit def mkIdCopy[A, ID](
        implicit
        mkLens: MkFieldLens.Aux[A, Symbol @@ Witness.`"id"`.T, ID]
      ): IdCopy[A,ID] =
        new IdCopy[A,ID] {
          def copyWithId(self: A, id: ID): A =
            (lens[A] >> 'id).set(self)(id)
        }
    }
    
    
    def copyWithId[ID, A](a: A, elem: ID)(implicit copy: IdCopy[A,ID]) = copy.copyWithId(a, elem)
    
    // Exiting paste mode, now interpreting.
    
    defined trait IdCopy
    defined object IdCopy
    copyWithId: [ID, A](a: A, elem: ID)(implicit copy: IdCopy[A,ID])A
    
    scala> trait Entity[ID] { def id: ID }
    defined trait Entity
    
    scala> case class Foo(id: String) extends Entity[String]
    defined class Foo
    
    scala> def assignNewIds[ID, A <: Entity[ID]](entities: List[A], ids: List[ID])(implicit copy: IdCopy[A,ID]): List[A] =
         |   entities.zip(ids).map{ case (entity, id) =>  copyWithId(entity, id) }
    assignNewIds: [ID, A <: Entity[ID]](entities: List[A], ids: List[ID])(implicit copy: IdCopy[A,ID])List[A]
    
    scala> assignNewIds( List(Foo("foo"),Foo("bar")), List("new1", "new2"))
    res0: List[Foo] = List(Foo(new1), Foo(new2))
    

    请注意,在使用assignNewIdscopyWithId方法中,如何将类型类IdCopy[A,ID]的实例作为隐式参数进行请求。这是因为copyWithId在使用时要求IdCopy[A,ID]的隐式实例在范围内。您需要从使用站点传播隐式实例,在该站点中使用具体类型(例如Foo),一直到调用链一直到调用copyWithId的地方。

    您可以将隐式参数视为方法的依赖项。如果方法的隐式参数类型为IdCopy[A,ID],则在调用它时需要满足该依赖关系。通常,这也将相同的依赖关系放在调用该方法的位置。

    关于Scala:如何为任何案例类定义抽象的可复制父类(super class)?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40995639/

    10-13 04:47