Data.Vector.Mutable
似乎需要PrimMonad
和ST s
monad中的IO
实例。
类型类定义为-
-- | Class of primitive state-transformer monads
class Monad m => PrimMonad m where
-- | State token type
type PrimState m
-- | Execute a primitive operation
primitive :: (State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)) -> m a
-- | Expose the internal structure of the monad
internal :: m a -> State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)
它们是这样实现的
instance PrimMonad IO where
type PrimState IO = RealWorld
primitive = IO
internal (IO p) = p
instance PrimMonad (ST s) where
type PrimState (ST s) = s
primitive = ST
internal (ST p) = p
我根本不了解类型类的任何功能应该做什么,或者实现如何工作。
但是我需要为STT实现它(http://hackage.haskell.org/package/STMonadTrans-0.3.1给出的那个)
STT
具有构造函数STT s m a
在天真的尝试中,我尝试将所有
ST s
替换为STT s m
:instance Monad m => PrimMonad (STT s m) where
type PrimState (STT s m) = s
primitive = STT
internal (STT p m) = p
但是我得到这个错误:
Not in scope: data constructor `STT'
尽管已经在整个程序中多次使用了
primitive
(尽管我想作为类型构造函数?),但对于internal
和STT
的定义。我应该如何正确实现此类型类?
(我最终将使用它作为
STT s (Rand g) a
)编辑:我导入
Control.Monad.ST.Trans.Internal
以获得STT
作为数据构造函数,这些是新的错误:(将internal (STT s m)
更改为internal (STT s)
之后)Couldn't match kind `*' against `ArgKind'
Kind incompatibility when matching types:
m0 :: * -> *
(#,#) (ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m))) :: ArgKind
-> (#)
In the expression: STT
In an equation for `primitive': primitive = STT
Couldn't match type `m'
with `(#,#) (ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m)))'
`m' is a rigid type variable bound by
the instance declaration at src/pimc/PIMC.hs:41:16
Expected type: ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m))
-> (# ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m)), a #)
Actual type: ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# s -> m (STTRet s a)
In the expression: p
In an equation for `internal': internal (STT p) = p
Couldn't match type `a' with `STTRet s a'
`a' is a rigid type variable bound by
the type signature for
internal :: STT s m a
-> ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m))
-> (# ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m)), a #)
at src/pimc/PIMC.hs:44:3
Expected type: ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m))
-> (# ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# (PrimState (STT s m)), a #)
Actual type: ghc-prim:GHC.Prim.State# s -> m (STTRet s a)
In the expression: p
In an equation for `internal': internal (STT p) = p
最佳答案
原则上,您可能可以为基本类型编写一个实现,但不能为内部编写实现,因为它为您的monad施加了某种结构,只有IO和ST monad的内部实现才能满足该结构。
但是,我的印象是问题出在Data.Vector.Mutable模块上,该模块的要求过于严格。例如,要在单子(monad)m中使用IO vector ,原则上只需要将IO嵌入到m中(即原始方法),反之亦然(即内部方法)。如果正确,则应尝试将PrimMonad类细分为嵌入部分和同构部分,例如,如下所示:
-- | Class of primitive state-transformer monads
class Monad m => PrimMonadEmbed m where
-- | State token type
type PrimState m
-- | Execute a primitive operation
primitive :: (State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)) -> m a
class PrimMonadEmbed m => PrimMonad m where
-- | Expose the internal structure of the monad
internal :: m a -> State# (PrimState m) -> (# State# (PrimState m), a #)
就向后兼容性而言,这可能是可以的,因为用户代码中不能存在任何自定义实例。降低要求的严格性还将使它们的代码可用于IO monad的转换版本,例如StateT Int IO等。
您可以尝试两件事:
顺便说一句,下面的原语实现应该可以工作(比较STT的源代码以了解代码中出了什么问题):
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE UnboxedTuples #-}
module Test where
import Control.Monad.Primitive
import Control.Monad.ST.Trans
import Control.Monad.ST.Trans.Internal
instance Monad m => PrimMonad (STT s m) where
type PrimState (STT s m) = s
primitive f = STT (\s -> case (f s) of (# s', v #) -> return (STTRet s' v))
internal _ = error "no implementation of internal for STT"