所以我一直在尝试以 JWT 分发的形式设置一个带有 token 身份验证的小型测试 api, token 分发部分按预期工作。
但是,由于我想让 JWT 服务的方法更通用以允许对 token 进行不同类型的签名(因为我更喜欢私钥/公钥对),因此我尝试在 appsettings 文件中设置更多选项,然后决定了 token 的生成方式,我开始在这些设置中加载依赖注入(inject),直到现在我几乎没有接触过。
因此,当我想采用我设置为单例的那些配置类时,问题就出现了(到目前为止,我阅读的大多数指南都已经完成了这一点,所以我认为它有点正确)并在 ConfigureServices 方法中使用它们他们添加了它,以便我可以使用在我看来应该设置的参数,因为我通过获取 appsettings 文件的一部分配置了上面的几行。
然而,一旦我尝试访问它们,我就什么也得不到,而是剩下空值。
启动文件
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
//the token config takes values from the appsettings.json file
var tokenConf = Configuration.GetSection("TokenConfiguration");
services.Configure<TokenConfiguration>(tokenConf);
//the signing credentials are assigned in the JwtTokenService constructor
var signingConf = new SigningConfiguration();
services.AddSingleton<SigningConfiguration>(signingConf);
//my token service
services.AddSingleton<IJwtTokenService, JwtTokenService>();
//i try to get hold of the actual values to use later on
var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
TokenConfiguration tc = provider.GetService<TokenConfiguration>();
SigningConfiguration sc = provider.GetService<SigningConfiguration>();
//i wanna use the values in here when i set the parameters for my authentication
services.AddAuthentication(x =>
{
x.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
x.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(x =>
{
x.Events = new JwtBearerEvents
{
OnTokenValidated = context =>
{
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
};
x.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
x.SaveToken = true;
x.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
ValidateIssuer = true,
ValidateAudience = true,
ValidateLifetime = true,
//values used here since i specify issuer, audience and what kind of key to use in the settings
//the key & credentials differ based on a bool in the settings file and will either be a symmetric or asymmetric key
ValidIssuer = tc.Issuer,
ValidAudience = tc.Audience,
IssuerSigningKey = sc.Key
};
});
services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseMvc();
}
}
JwtTokenService.cs(IJwtTokenService只有这里实现的CreateToken方法)
public class JwtTokenService : IJwtTokenService
{
private TokenConfiguration tokenConf;
public SigningConfiguration signingConf;
public JwtTokenService(IOptions<TokenConfiguration> tc) {
tokenConf = tc.Value;
signingConf = new SigningConfiguration();
//if the asymmetric bool is set to true, assign a new rsa keypair to the signing configuration
//otherwise, use a symmetric key with a hmac hash
if (tc.Value.AsymmetricKey)
{
using (var provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
{
signingConf.Key = new RsaSecurityKey(provider.ExportParameters(true));
}
signingConf.SigningCredentials =
new SigningCredentials(
signingConf.Key,
SecurityAlgorithms.RsaSha256);
}
else {
signingConf.Key =
new SymmetricSecurityKey(
Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tc.Value.HmacSecret));
signingConf.SigningCredentials =
new SigningCredentials(
signingConf.Key,
SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha512);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates a token based on the running configuration
/// </summary>
public string CreateToken(List<Claim> claims)
{
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
issuer: tokenConf.Issuer,
audience: tokenConf.Audience,
claims: claims,
expires: DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(tokenConf.Minutes),
signingCredentials: signingConf.SigningCredentials
);
return new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token);
}
}
token 配置文件
public class TokenConfiguration
{
public string Audience { get; set; }
public string Issuer { get; set; }
public int Minutes { get; set; }
public bool AsymmetricKey { get; set; }
public string HmacSecret { get; set; }
}
签名配置文件
public class SigningConfiguration
{
public SecurityKey Key { get; set; }
public SigningCredentials SigningCredentials { get; set; }
}
appsettings.json
"TokenConfiguration": {
"Audience": "ExampleAudience",
"Issuer": "ExampleIssuer",
"Minutes": 30,
"AsymmetricKey": true,
"HmacSecret": "example-secret-top-secret-secret-is_secret"
}
(该项目在 asp.net core 2.1 中运行,以防万一)
我是 DI 新手,找不到很多用例与我的用例相同的示例,而且大多数此类案例都涉及实际服务,而不是通过 DI 添加“配置”类。
可能有一种更好的方法来做到这一点,我可能只是愚蠢,因为没有注意到或不知道谷歌确切的东西来获得正确的答案,无论如何,很可能会在此之后观看/阅读一些关于 DI 的内容.
任何输入或想法都将受到高度赞赏,因为我对 asp.net 核心和整个流程仍然不熟悉。
作为关于私钥生成的一个小问题,在我的情况下,最好将生成的 key 对存储在 keystore 中,或将其存储在内存中,还是通过诸如 openSSL 之类的东西生成它们并在启动时读取它们是最好的选择?
最佳答案
您正在从 ServiceProvider 请求 TokenConfiguration
而不是 IOptions<TokenConfiguration>
。
更改此行
TokenConfiguration tc = provider.GetService<TokenConfiguration>();
SigningConfiguration sc = provider.GetService<SigningConfiguration>();
和
IOptions<TokenConfiguration> tc = provider.GetService<IOptions<TokenConfiguration>>();
IOptions<SigningConfiguration> sc = provider.GetService<IOptions<SigningConfiguration>>();
然后使用
tc.Value
访问选项。在
ServiceProvider
中构建 ConfigureServices
不是一个好主意,我会在 Configuration["TokenConfiguration:Audience"]
中需要的任何地方直接从 ConfigureServices
配置中获取。关于c# - 使用相同的 ConfigureServices 方法访问在 asp.net core 的 startup.cs 文件中的 ConfigureServices 中创建的单例,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53707133/