python - sqlalchemy关系与自身和父列的primaryjoin

如果我有模型：

class A(Base):
    a_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    other = Column(Text)
    name = Column(Text)


class B(Base):
    b_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    other = Column(Text)


class C(Base):
    c_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    b_id = Column(ForeignKey(B.b_id))
    b = relationship(B)
    name = Column(Text)

    a = relationship(
        A,
        primaryjoin=and_(
            A.name == foreign(name),
            A.other == foreign(B.other)))

如何使关系C.a正常工作，以确保session.query(C).options(joinedload(C.a))不会失败。

在普通的SQL中，我会这样做：

select * from c
join b using(b_id)
join a on a.name = c.name and a.other = b.other

a.name, a.other有一个唯一的约束，所以我知道每个a都会得到1或0个c。

我想我需要以某种方式使用secondary=，但是我可以找到的所有示例都是纯多对多示例。

谢谢！

最佳答案

您必须使用relationship to a non primary mapper来代替辅助，因为：


  在一种复杂的连接情况下，即使(composite "secondary" join)技术也不够用；当我们试图从A联接到B时，使用之间的任意数量的C，D等，但是A和B之间也直接存在联接条件。在这种情况下，仅凭复杂的A条件很难表达从B到primaryjoin的联接，因为中间表可能需要特殊处理，并且也不能用secondary对象表示，因为A->secondary->B模式不直接支持A和B之间的任何引用。


因此，按照文档中的示例，我们可以使用non primary mapper建立类之间的关系，该类将类A映射到表a和b之间的联接：

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, Text, ForeignKey, join, and_
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, mapper, sessionmaker, foreign
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///', echo=True)
Base = declarative_base()
Base.metadata.bind = engine
Session = sessionmaker()

class A(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'a'
    a_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    other = Column(Text)
    name = Column(Text)


class B(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'b'
    b_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    other = Column(Text)

j = join(A, B, A.other == B.other)
A_viab = mapper(A, j, non_primary=True, properties={
    "other": [j.c.a_other, j.c.b_other]
})


class C(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'c'
    c_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    b_id = Column(ForeignKey(B.b_id))
    b = relationship(B)
    name = Column(Text)

    a = relationship(
        A_viab,
        primaryjoin=and_(foreign(name) == A_viab.c.name,
                         b_id == A_viab.c.b_id))

并采取行动：

In [4]: session.add(A(name='name', other='other'))

In [5]: session.add(C(name='name', b=B(other='other')))

In [6]: session.commit()
...

In [7]: c = session.query(C).options(joinedload(C.a)).first()
2018-01-04 15:10:21,338 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine BEGIN (implicit)
2018-01-04 15:10:21,340 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT c.c_id AS c_c_id, c.b_id AS c_b_id, c.name AS c_name, a_1.other AS a_1_other, b_1.other AS b_1_other, a_1.a_id AS a_1_a_id, a_1.name AS a_1_name, b_1.b_id AS b_1_b_id
FROM c LEFT OUTER JOIN (a AS a_1 JOIN b AS b_1 ON a_1.other = b_1.other) ON c.name = a_1.name AND c.b_id = b_1.b_id
 LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
2018-01-04 15:10:21,340 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine (1, 0)

In [8]: c.a
Out[8]: <cplxjoin.A at 0x7f0c81599630>

结果查询与您的手动SQL并不完全相同，但是aafic应该等效。

关于python - sqlalchemy关系与自身和父列的primaryjoin，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48080591/