我正在阅读Beej的网络编程指南,在chapter 5.1中,在showip.c
程序中,我看到以下代码行:memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
在讨论了freenode上的###c通道之后,我推断该调用的原因可能是将memset
的值设置为hints.ai_flags
(注意,程序运行良好,我删除了该行,并显式地将0
初始化为0)。如果这是真的,为什么他需要将整个结构设置为hints.ai_flags
?
这是完整的来源:
/*
** showip.c -- show IP addresses for a host given on the command line
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct addrinfo hints, *res, *p;
int status;
char ipstr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr,"usage: showip hostname\n");
return 1;
}
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; // AF_INET or AF_INET6 to force version
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
if ((status = getaddrinfo(argv[1], NULL, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(status));
return 2;
}
printf("IP addresses for %s:\n\n", argv[1]);
for(p = res;p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) {
void *addr;
char *ipver;
// get the pointer to the address itself,
// different fields in IPv4 and IPv6:
if (p->ai_family == AF_INET) { // IPv4
struct sockaddr_in *ipv4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)p->ai_addr;
addr = &(ipv4->sin_addr);
ipver = "IPv4";
} else { // IPv6
struct sockaddr_in6 *ipv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)p->ai_addr;
addr = &(ipv6->sin6_addr);
ipver = "IPv6";
}
// convert the IP to a string and print it:
inet_ntop(p->ai_family, addr, ipstr, sizeof ipstr);
printf(" %s: %s\n", ipver, ipstr);
}
freeaddrinfo(res); // free the linked list
return 0;
}
最佳答案
它是getaddrinfo()
函数文档所必需的(在这里,您将hints
变量作为参数传递)。从man getaddrinfo:
结构中由hints
指向的所有其他字段必须包含0
或NULL
指针(视情况而定)。