android - Android 4.2 : back stack behaviour with nested fragments

在Android 4.2中，支持库获得了对嵌套片段see here的支持。我玩过它，发现了一个有关回栈和getChildFragmentManager()的有趣行为/错误。当使用getChildFragmentManager()和addToBackStack(String name)时，通过按“后退”按钮，系统不会将后退堆栈运行到上一个片段。
另一方面，当使用getFragmentManager()和addToBackStack(String name)时，通过按返回按钮，系统将返回到上一个片段。

对我来说，这种行为是出乎意料的。通过按设备上的后退按钮，我希望最后一个添加到后堆栈的片段都会弹出，即使该片段是在 child 片段管理器中添加到后堆栈中的也是如此。

这种行为正确吗？这是一个错误吗？有没有解决此问题的方法？

getChildFragmentManager()的示例代码:

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

getFragmentManager()的示例代码:

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

最佳答案

此解决方案可能是@Sean答案的更好版本:

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    // if there is a fragment and the back stack of this fragment is not empty,
    // then emulate 'onBackPressed' behaviour, because in default, it is not working
    FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    for (Fragment frag : fm.getFragments()) {
        if (frag.isVisible()) {
            FragmentManager childFm = frag.getChildFragmentManager();
            if (childFm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
                childFm.popBackStack();
                return;
            }
        }
    }
    super.onBackPressed();
}

同样，我根据上面的@Sean答案准备了此解决方案。

正如@ AZ13所说，此解决方案仅在一级子片段情况下才可行。在多级碎片的情况下，工作会变得有些复杂，因此我建议仅在我已经说过的可行情况下尝试此解决方案。 =)

注意:由于getFragments方法现在是私有(private)方法，因此此解决方案将不起作用。您可以查看评论中的链接，以提出有关此情况的解决方案。