day2：springdatajpa的运行原理以及基本操作 （上）
第一 springDataJpa的概述
1.3 Spring Data JPA 与 JPA和hibernate之间的关系
07.入门案例
第二 springDataJpa的入门操作 案例：客户的基本CRUD i.搭建环境 创建工程导入坐标 配置spring的配置文件（配置spring Data jpa的整合） 编写实体类（Customer），使用jpa注解配置映射关系 ii.编写一个符合springDataJpa的dao层接口 * 只需要编写dao层接口，不需要编写dao层接口的实现类 * dao层接口规范 1.需要继承两个接口（JpaRepository，JpaSpecificationExecutor） 2.需要提供响应的泛型
入门案例用到的method
*
findOne（id） ：根据id查询
save(customer):保存或者更新（依据：传递的实体类对象中，是否包含id属性）
delete（id） ：根据id删除
findAll() : 查询全部
2.2 搭建Spring Data JPA的开发环境
2.2.1 引入Spring Data JPA的依赖坐标
<properties> <spring.version>4.3.6.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>5.3.5.Final</hibernate.version> <slf4j.version>1.7.12</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version> <mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- junit单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring beg --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring end --> <!-- hibernate beg --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate end --> <!-- c3p0 beg --> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>${c3p0.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0 end --> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.el</groupId> <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId> <version>2.2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId> <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId> <version>2.2.4</version> </dependency> <!-- el end --> </dependencies>
spring框架的配置文件
applicationcontext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd"> <!--spring 和 spring data jpa的配置--> <!-- 1.创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理--> <bean id="entityManagerFactoty" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!--配置的扫描的包（实体类所在的包） --> <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.bjut.domain" /> <!-- jpa的实现厂家 --> <property name="persistenceProvider"> <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/> </property> <!--jpa的供应商适配器 --> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <!--配置是否自动创建数据库表 --> <property name="generateDdl" value="false" /> <!--指定数据库类型 --> <property name="database" value="MYSQL" /> <!--数据库方言：支持的特有语法 --> <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /> <!--是否显示sql --> <property name="showSql" value="true" /> </bean> </property> <!--jpa的方言 ：高级的特性 --> <property name="jpaDialect" > <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" /> </property> </bean> <!--2.创建数据库连接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///itheima?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property> </bean> <!--3.整合spring dataJpa--> <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.bjut.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactoty" ></jpa:repositories> <!--4.配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactoty"></property> </bean> <!-- 4.txAdvice--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 5.aop--> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.bjut.service.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" /> </aop:config> <!--5.声明式事务 --> <!-- 6. 配置包扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bjut" ></context:component-scan> </beans>
09-入门案例：创建客户实体类并配置映射关系
package cn.bjut.domain; import javax.persistence.*; /** * 1.实体类和表的映射关系 * @Eitity * @Table * 2.类中属性和表中字段的映射关系 * @Id * @GeneratedValue * @Column */ @Entity @Table(name = "cst_customer") public class Customer { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name="cust_id") private Long custId; @Column(name="cust_address") private String custAddress; @Column(name="cust_industry") private String custIndustry; @Column(name="cust_level") private String custLevel; @Column(name="cust_name") private String custName; @Column(name="cust_phone") private String custPhone; @Column(name="cust_source") private String custSource; //=====下面是toString()方法和get/set方法=====//
10-入门案例：编写符合spring Data JPA规范的dao层接口
创建一个接口
cn.bjut.dao.CustomerDao
package cn.bjut.dao; import cn.bjut.domain.Customer; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor; /** * 符合SpringDataJpa的dao层接口规范 * JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型，实体类中主键属性的类型> * * 封装了基本CRUD操作 * JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型> * * 封装了复杂查询（分页） */ public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> { }
然后创建一个测试类
cn.bjut.test.CustomerDaoTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //声明spring提供的单元测试环境 @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")//指定spring容器的配置信息 public class CustomerDaoTest { @Autowired private CustomerDao customerDao; /** * 根据id查询 */ @Test public void testFindOne() { Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(1l); System.out.println(customer); } }
直接在接口中定义查询方法，如果是符合规范的，可以不用写实现，目前支持的关键字写法如下：
12-入门案例：完成客户的添加和修改
/** * save : 保存或者更新 * 根据传递的对象是否存在主键id， * 如果没有id主键属性：保存 * 存在id主键属性，根据id查询数据，更新数据 */ @Test public void testSave() { Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setCustName("程序员"); customer.setCustLevel("vip"); customer.setCustIndustry("it教育"); customerDao.save(customer); } @Test public void testUpdate() { Customer customer = new Customer(); customer.setCustId(3l); customer.setCustName("程序员很厉害"); customerDao.save(customer); }
13-入门案例：完成客户的删除
@Test public void testDelete () { customerDao.delete(3l); }
14-入门案例：查询所有客户
/** * 查询所有 */ @Test public void testFindAll() { List<Customer> list = customerDao.findAll(); for(Customer customer : list) { System.out.println(customer); } }
18-执行过程：执行过程已经内部处理流程的总结
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未完待续。。