java - 从 Swing 转换为 JavaFX？

将 Swing 项目转换为 JavaFx 项目时，JavaFx 中的哪些类与 Swing 类匹配？1-1 的对决是最好的。我不是在寻找与 Swing 的集成，而是一个彻底的改造。 最佳答案 以下是一些基本类: Swing -> JavaFx JFrame -> Application & Stage(如果您在主类中扩展 JFrame，Application.launch() 可用于启动扩展应用程序的一个)。 Stage 是明确的 JavaFx，并且是创建 Window 所必需的。您将需要使用它的实例，而不是 JFrame 的实例。 JPanel -> Scene & Pane(Scene 与 JPanel 匹配，但您的类应该扩展 Pane。然后从 Pane 构建场景。Pane 是 JavaFX 中的布局) JButton -> 按钮 JLabel -> 标签 在许多情况下，删除 J 就可以解决问题... JOptionPane -> 对话框(但并不总是) ActionListener -> EventHandler)(需要在 JavaFx 中为您需要的每个操作创建一个新方法/类，与 Swing 的一个方法完成所有操作不同) 更新 现在使用 Java 8+ 应该更容易使用事件处理程序，增加了 JavaFX 现在支持的功能接口(interface)功能。示例 Swing(我制作的游戏的基本界面)public class Interface extends JFrame {public static void main(String[] args) { new Interface();}private CardLayout layout;private JPanel manager;private Introduction start;private MainDisplay display;public Interface() { super("Demo"); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); this.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(750, 500)); this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(750, 500)); this.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(750, 500)); setUp(); this.pack(); this.setVisible(true);}private void setUp() { layout = new CardLayout(); manager = new JPanel(layout); this.add(manager); start = new Introduction(); manager.add(start, INTRODUCTION); display = new MainDisplay(); manager.add(display); layout.show(manager);}public class Introduction extends JPanel implements ActionListener { private static final int LOAD = 0; private static final int SAVE = 1; private JButton start; private JButton toGame; private JButton load; private JButton save; private JButton exit; public Introduction() { setUp(); } private void setUp() { SpringLayout manager = new SpringLayout(); this.setLayout(manager); JLabel title = new JLabel("Demo"); title.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.BOLD, 60)); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, title, 0, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, title, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(title); start = new JButton("New Game"); start.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16)); start.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, start, -250, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, start, 50, SpringLayout.SOUTH, title); this.add(start); toGame = new JButton("Continue"); toGame.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16)); toGame.addActionListener(this); toGame.setEnabled(false); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, toGame, -250, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, toGame, 10, SpringLayout.SOUTH, start); this.add(toGame); load = new JButton("Load Game"); load.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16)); load.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, load, -250, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, load, 10, SpringLayout.SOUTH, toGame); this.add(load); save = new JButton("Save Game"); save.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16)); save.addActionListener(this); save.setEnabled(false); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, save, -250, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, save, 10, SpringLayout.SOUTH, load); this.add(save); exit = new JButton("Exit Game"); exit.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 16)); exit.setToolTipText("Saves the current game, and exits the program."); exit.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, exit, -250, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, exit, 10, SpringLayout.SOUTH, save); this.add(exit); } private void perform(int option) { JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser(); chooser.setFileFilter(new TextFileFilter()); if (option == LOAD) { int choice = chooser.showDialog(this, "Load Game"); if (choice == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) chooser.getSelectedFile(); } else if (option == SAVE) { int choice = chooser.showDialog(this, "Save Game"); if (choice == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) chooser.getSelectedFile(); } } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (display.isRunning()) { if (e.getSource() == start || e.getSource() == load) { String verify = "A game is currently running. Are you sure you want to start a new game?" + "\r\nAny previous game data will be deleted."; int choice = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(this, verify, "New Game - Warning", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); if (choice == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) return; } } if (e.getSource() == start) { display.start(); layout.show(manager, MAIN_DISPLAY); toGame.setEnabled(true); save.setEnabled(true); } else if (e.getSource() == toGame) layout.show(manager, MAIN_DISPLAY); else if (e.getSource() == load) perform(LOAD); else if (e.getSource() == save) perform(SAVE); else if (e.getSource() == exit) { perform(SAVE); Interface.this.setVisible(false); Interface.this.dispose(); } }}public class MainDisplay extends JPanel implements ActionListener { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private boolean running; private JButton overview; private JButton map; private JButton ranking; private JButton reports; private JButton home; public MainDisplay() { running = false; setUp(); } public boolean isRunning() { return running; } private void setUp() { SpringLayout manager = new SpringLayout(); this.setLayout(manager); ranking = new JButton("Ranking"); ranking.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 10)); ranking.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, ranking, 0, SpringLayout.HORIZONTAL_CENTER, this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, ranking, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(ranking); map = new JButton("Map"); map.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 10)); map.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.EAST, map, -10, SpringLayout.WEST, ranking); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, map, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(map); overview = new JButton("Overview"); overview.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 10)); overview.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.EAST, overview, -10, SpringLayout.WEST, map); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, overview, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(overview); reports = new JButton("Reports"); reports.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 10)); reports.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.WEST, reports, 10, SpringLayout.EAST, ranking); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, reports, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(reports); home = new JButton("Home"); home.setFont(new Font(Font.SERIF, Font.PLAIN, 10)); home.addActionListener(this); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.WEST, home, 10, SpringLayout.EAST, reports); manager.putConstraint(SpringLayout.NORTH, home, 10, SpringLayout.NORTH, this); this.add(home); } public void start() { running = true; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (e.getSource() == home) { layout.show(manager, INTRODUCTION); } }}public static final class TextFileFilter extends FileFilter { private static final String FILE_EXTENSION = "tra"; @Override public boolean accept(File f) { if (f.isDirectory()) return true; if (f.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(FILE_EXTENSION)) return true; return false; } @Override public String getDescription() { return "Demo"; }}}JavaFx 示例(几乎与 JavaFx 中的示例相同)public class Interface extends Application {public static void main(String[] args) { Application.launch(Interface.class, args);}private static final int WIDTH = 750;private static final int HEIGHT = 500;private static Stage stage;private static Introduction start;private static MainDisplay display;private static Scene startScene;private static Scene displayScene;public Interface() { start = new Introduction(); display = new MainDisplay(); startScene = new Scene(start, WIDTH, HEIGHT); displayScene = new Scene(display, WIDTH, HEIGHT);}@Overridepublic void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception { Interface.stage = primaryStage; stage.setTitle(Constants.TITLE); stage.setResizable(false); stage.setWidth(WIDTH); stage.setHeight(HEIGHT); stage.setScene(startScene); stage.show();}public class Introduction extends BorderPane { private static final int LOAD = 0; private static final int SAVE = 1; private Button toGame; private Button save; public Introduction() { setUp(); } private void setUp() { this.setBackground( new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.BLACK, null, null))); VBox menu = new VBox(); menu.setSpacing(10); Label title = new Label(Constants.TITLE.toUpperCase()); title.setFont(Font.font("Arial", FontWeight.THIN, 60)); title.setTextFill(Color.RED); menu.getChildren().add(title); int btnWidth = 300; Background menuBkg = new Background(new BackgroundFill(null, null, null)); Border menuBorder = new Border(new BorderStroke(Color.RED, BorderStrokeStyle.SOLID, new CornerRadii(10), null)); Button start = new Button(Constants.START.toUpperCase()); start.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); start.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); start.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); start.setBackground(menuBkg); start.setBorder(menuBorder); start.setOnAction(new StartHandler()); toGame = new Button(Constants.CONTINUE.toUpperCase()); toGame.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); toGame.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); toGame.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); toGame.setBackground(menuBkg); toGame.setBorder(menuBorder); toGame.setDisable(true); toGame.setOnAction(new ContinueHandler()); Button load = new Button(Constants.LOAD.toUpperCase()); load.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); load.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); load.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); load.setBackground(menuBkg); load.setBorder(menuBorder); load.setOnAction(new LoadHandler()); save = new Button(Constants.SAVE.toUpperCase()); save.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); save.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); save.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); save.setBackground(menuBkg); save.setBorder(menuBorder); save.setDisable(true); save.setOnAction(new SaveHandler()); Button ranking = new Button(Constants.RANKING.toUpperCase()); ranking.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); ranking.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); ranking.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); ranking.setBackground(menuBkg); ranking.setBorder(menuBorder); ranking.setOnAction(new RankingHandler()); Button exit = new Button(Constants.EXIT.toUpperCase()); exit.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 16)); exit.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); exit.setPrefWidth(btnWidth); exit.setBackground(menuBkg); exit.setBorder(menuBorder); exit.setTooltip(new Tooltip(Constants.EXIT_TOOLTIP)); exit.setOnAction(new ExitHandler()); menu.getChildren().addAll(start, toGame, load, save, ranking, exit); menu.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); this.setCenter(menu); } private void performIO(int option) { FileChooser chooser = new FileChooser(); ExtensionFilter ext = new ExtensionFilter(Constants.EXT_DESCRIPTION, ".pt"); chooser.setSelectedExtensionFilter(ext); if (option == LOAD) { chooser.setTitle(Constants.LOAD); File choice = chooser.showOpenDialog(stage); } else if (option == SAVE) { chooser.setTitle(Constants.SAVE); File choice = chooser.showSaveDialog(stage); } } private boolean verifyRestart() { Alert alert = new Alert(AlertType.WARNING, Constants.START_WARNING_MESSAGE, ButtonType.YES, ButtonType.NO); alert.setTitle(Constants.START_WARNING); alert.showAndWait(); if (alert.getResult() == ButtonType.YES) return true; return false; } private class StartHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { if (display.isRunning()) { if (!verifyRestart()) return; } display.start(); stage.setScene(displayScene); toGame.setDisable(false); save.setDisable(false); } } private class ContinueHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { stage.setScene(displayScene); } } private class LoadHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { if (display.isRunning()) { if (!verifyRestart()) return; } performIO(LOAD); } } private class SaveHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { performIO(SAVE); } } private class RankingHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { stage.setScene(displayScene); } } private class ExitHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { performIO(SAVE); Platform.exit(); } }}public static class MainDisplay extends AnchorPane { private boolean running; public MainDisplay() { running = false; tower = new Tower(); setUp(); } private void setUp() { Color blue = new Color(34 / 255, 37 / 255, 47 / 255, 1.0); this.setBackground(new Background(new BackgroundFill(blue, null, null))); Background bkg = new Background(new BackgroundFill(null, null, null)); Border menuBorder = new Border(new BorderStroke(Color.RED, BorderStrokeStyle.SOLID, new CornerRadii(10), null)); Button home = new Button(Constants.HOME); home.setFont(Font.font("Times New Roman", 10)); home.setTextFill(Color.WHITE); home.setBackground(bkg); home.setBorder(menuBorder); home.setOnAction(new HomeHandler()); this.getChildren().add(home); AnchorPane.setTopAnchor(home, 10.0); AnchorPane.setRightAnchor(home, 10.0); } public void start() { running = true; } public boolean isRunning() { return running; } private class HomeHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent event) { stage.setScene(startScene); } }}}警告:某些匹配可能不符合 JavaFx 的本质，但它们会起作用注意:要正确使用 FX，建议使用 FXML 和/或 SceneBuilder 。关于java - 从 Swing 转换为 JavaFX？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35906779/