python-随机验证码pillow模块使用
安装:
1 | pip3 install pillow |
基本使用
1. 创建图片
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | from PIL import Image img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) # 在图片查看器中打开 # img.show() # 保存在本地 with open ( 'code.png' , 'wb' ) as f: img.save(f, format = 'png' ) |
2. 创建画笔,用于在图片上画任意内容
1 2 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) |
3. 画点
1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) # 第一个参数:表示坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.point([ 100 , 100 ], fill = "red" ) draw.point([ 300 , 300 ], fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
4. 画线
1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标 # 第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 100 , 300 ), fill = 'red' ) draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 100 ), fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
5. 画圆
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标(圆要画在其中间) # 第二个参数:表示开始角度 # 第三个参数:表示结束角度 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.arc(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 300 ), 0 , 90 ,fill = "red" ) |
6. 写文本
1 2 3 4 5 6 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], 'python' , "red" ) |
7. 特殊字体文字
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = ( 120 , 30 ), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) # 第一个参数:表示字体文件路径 # 第二个参数:表示字体大小 font = ImageFont.truetype( "kumo.ttf" , 28 ) # 第一个参数:表示起始坐标 # 第二个参数:表示写入内容 # 第三个参数:表示颜色 # 第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], 'python' , "red" , font = font) |
图片验证码
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 | import random def check_code(width = 120 , height = 30 , char_length = 5 , font_file = 'kumo.ttf' , font_size = 28 ): code = [] img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' , size = (width, height), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode = 'RGB' ) def rndChar(): """ 生成随机字母 :return: """ return chr (random.randint( 65 , 90 )) def rndColor(): """ 生成随机颜色 :return: """ return (random.randint( 0 , 255 ), random.randint( 10 , 255 ), random.randint( 64 , 255 )) # 写文字 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size) for i in range (char_length): char = rndChar() code.append(char) h = random.randint( 0 , 4 ) draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font = font, fill = rndColor()) # 写干扰点 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 , width), random.randint( 0 , height)], fill = rndColor()) # 写干扰圆圈 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 , width), random.randint( 0 , height)], fill = rndColor()) x = random.randint( 0 , width) y = random.randint( 0 , height) draw.arc((x, y, x + 4 , y + 4 ), 0 , 90 , fill = rndColor()) # 画干扰线 for i in range ( 5 ): x1 = random.randint( 0 , width) y1 = random.randint( 0 , height) x2 = random.randint( 0 , width) y2 = random.randint( 0 , height) draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill = rndColor()) img = img. filter (ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) return img,''.join(code) if __name__ = = '__main__' : # 1. 直接打开 # img,code = check_code() # img.show() # 2. 写入文件 # img,code = check_code() # with open('code.png','wb') as f: # img.save(f,format='png') # 3. 写入内存(Python3) # from io import BytesIO # stream = BytesIO() # img.save(stream, 'png') # stream.getvalue() # 4. 写入内存(Python2) # import StringIO # stream = StringIO.StringIO() # img.save(stream, 'png') # stream.getvalue() pass |
注意:字体文件下载,猛击这里
def code(request): f = BytesIO() # 创建图片 img = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))) # 创建画笔 draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB') draw.arc((0, 0, 30, 30), 0, 360, fill="red") # 随机生成4位验证码 str_code = '' for i in range(4): a1 = chr(random.randint(65, 90)) a2 = chr(random.randint(97, 122)) a3 = random.randint(0, 9) str_num = random.choice([a1, a2, str(a3)]) # 每次生成的随机数保存在列表中 str_code+=str_num # 选择字体 font = ImageFont.truetype("Monaco.ttf", 28) # 写字 draw.text([i * 35, 0], str_num, (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)), font=font) print(str_code) # 将验证码存在session中,方便后面取出来与用户输入的进行验证 request.session["str_code"] = str_code # 将图片保存在内存中 img.save(f, format="png") # 读取内存中的图片 data = f.getvalue() return HttpResponse(data) 生成验证码返回前端页面