我正在尝试使用DigiKey针对其Amazon Dash Button hack制作的程序来监视按钮被按下的时间,然后将HTTP GET发送到IFTTT。我正在使用Raspberry Pi来运行它。来源:

import socket
import struct
import binascii
import time
import json
import urllib2

# Use your own IFTTT key
ifttt_key = 'example_key'
# Set these up at https://ifttt.com/maker
ifttt_url_button = 'https://maker.ifttt.com/trigger/button_pressed/with/key/' + ifttt_key

# Replace this MAC addresses and nickname with your own
macs = {
    'xxxxxxxxxxxx' : 'vanish'
}

# Trigger a IFTTT URL. Body includes JSON with timestamp values.
def trigger_url(url):
    data = '{ "value1" : "' + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + '", "value2" : "' + time.strftime("%H:%M") + '" }'
    req = urllib2.Request(url, data, {'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
    f = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    response = f.read()
    f.close()
    return response

def button_pressed():
    print 'triggering button event, response:' + trigger_url(ifttt_url_button)

rawSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, socket.htons(0x0003))

while True:
    packet = rawSocket.recvfrom(2048)
    ethernet_header = packet[0][0:14]
    ethernet_detailed = struct.unpack("!6s6s2s", ethernet_header)
    # skip non-ARP packets
    ethertype = ethernet_detailed[2]
    if ethertype != '\x08\x06':
        continue
    # read out data
    arp_header = packet[0][14:42]
    arp_detailed = struct.unpack("2s2s1s1s2s6s4s6s4s", arp_header)
    source_mac = binascii.hexlify(arp_detailed[5])
    source_ip = socket.inet_ntoa(arp_detailed[6])
    dest_ip = socket.inet_ntoa(arp_detailed[8])
    if source_mac in macs:
        #print "ARP from " + macs[source_mac] + " with IP " + source_ip
        if macs[source_mac] == 'vanish':
            button_pressed()
    else:
        print "Unknown MAC " + source_mac + " from IP " + source_ip

我收到的错误是:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/pi/Desktop/dash_btn.py", line 30, in <module>
    rawSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, socket.htons(0x0003))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 187, in __init__
    _sock = _realsocket(family, type, proto)
error: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted

我已经尝试过使用sudo在终端中运行它,但是它并没有改变任何东西。帮助将不胜感激。

最佳答案

由于您希望接收和解析ARP数据包(位于AF_INET接收到的IP级别以下的链路层OSI层2上),因此必须使用低级数据包接口(interface)AF_PACKET

man packet(用于AF_PACKET套接字):



因此,要嗅探ARP数据包,必须使用SOCK_RAW套接字类型。但是,要使用它,请从man 7 raw:



因此,您必须使用sudo运行程序。

对于套接字协议(protocol)(第三个参数),您可以选择已经拥有的0x0003,这意味着ETH_P_ALL,接收所有软件包的,或者可能更好,具有ETH_P_ARP值的0x0806(请参阅/usr/include/linux/if_ether.h),仅接收 ARP ARP 软件包。

综上所述,这看起来像这样:

rawSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_PACKET, socket.SOCK_RAW, socket.htons(0x0806))

while True:
    packet = rawSocket.recvfrom(2048)
    # no need to filter-out ARP
    # less load on user program

09-10 04:23
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