Pillow概况
- PIL是Python的一种图像处理工具。
- PIL支持大部分的图像格式，高效并强大。
- 核心库设计用来高速访问基于基于像素的数据存储，给这个通用的图像处理工具提供了坚实的基础。
一.读、写、显示、屏幕截图
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open('wali.jpg') # 读
img1.show() # 显示
img1.save('wali_test1.png') # 写 : 写入时,可以更换格式
w, h = img1.size # 利用内置方法获取图像的宽度高的
print(w, h, img1.size) # 1920 1080 (1920, 1080)显示 :是调用系统自带的图片查看器,以临时文件的方式查看
写 :写的时候可以更改图像格式
屏幕截图
from PIL import ImageGrab
ImageGrab.grab().save(r'D:\wali\grab.jpg')
# 截图 保存图像1. 读取图像
from PIL import Image
# 从文件读
img1 = Image.open('wali.jpg') # 读
# 从array数组读
img2 = Image.fromarray(image)
# 从内存读
二.尺寸变换、旋转
1.尺寸变换 - 缩小- resize
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open('wali.jpg') # 读
print(img1.size) #打印图片原始的尺寸
img1 = img1.resize((80, 60)) # 缩小尺寸
print(img1.size) #打印打印缩小后的图片尺寸
img1.save('wali_test2.png') # 保存图片为'wali_test2.png'
#(1920, 1080)
#(80, 60)2.尺寸变换 - 放大- resize
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open('wali_test2.png') #使用80*60 的瓦力作为放大的原图像
print(img1.size)
img1 = img1.resize((400, 300))
print(img1.size)
img1.save('wali_test3.png')
#(80, 60)
#(400, 300)3.1尺寸变换 - 旋转90度- transpose
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open('800X600.png')
for x in range(7):
img1.transpose(x).save('transpose%d.png'% x)
img1.close() #关闭图像
# # transpose
# FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT = 0
# FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM = 1
# ROTATE_90 = 2
# ROTATE_180 = 3
# ROTATE_270 = 4
# TRANSPOSE = 5
# TRANSVERSE = 63.2尺寸变换 - 旋转(任意角度)- rotate
from PIL import Image
img1 = Image.open(r'D:\wali\400X300.jpg')
for x in range(30,361,30):
img1.rotate(x).save(r'D:\wali\rotate%d.png'% x )三.绘制图形
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw,ImageFont
Image1 = Image.new('RGB', (500, 400), (255, 255, 255))
draw =ImageDraw.Draw(Image1)
# 画直线
draw.line((20, 20, 150, 150), 'cyan', width=4)
draw.line((20, 150, 150, 20), 'red', width=2)
# 画矩形
draw.rectangle((170, 20, 300, 150), 'black', 'red', width=2)
# 画圆弧
draw.arc((340, 20, 470, 150), 0, 270, 'yellow', width=3)
# 画椭圆
draw.ellipse((20, 170, 150, 235), 'yellowgreen', 'wheat')
Image1.show()四.绘制文字
1.英文
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw,ImageFont
Image1 = Image.new('RGB', (500, 400), (255, 255, 255))
draw =ImageDraw.Draw(Image1)
# 画文字＿英文
draw.text((20, 250), u'Hello World', 'fuchsia')
draw.text((120, 250), u'Hello World', 'red')
# 画文字＿中文
path_to_ttf = r'font/simfang.ttf'
font = ImageFont.truetype(path_to_ttf, size=25) # 设置字体
draw.text(xy=(20,280),text='Hello，中国！',fill='red',font=font)
Image1.show()
2.中文
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw,ImageFont
Image1 = Image.new('RGB', (500, 400), (255, 255, 255))
draw =ImageDraw.Draw(Image1)
# 画文字＿中文
path_to_ttf = r'font/simfang.ttf'
font = ImageFont.truetype(path_to_ttf, size=25) # 设置字体
draw.text(xy=(20,280),text='Hello，中国！',fill='red',font=font)
Image1.show()
五.区域截图(抠图，覆盖)
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
im = Image.open("t3.jpeg")
# 设置抠图区域
box = (350, 40, 507, 90)
# 从图片上抠下此区域
region = im.crop(box)
# 将此区域旋转180度
region = region.transpose(Image.ROTATE_180)
# 查看抠出来的区域
region.show()
# 将此区域粘回去
im.paste(region, box)
im.show()
六.滤镜
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageFilter
img1 = Image.open(r'D:\wali\z400X300.jpg')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR).save(r'D:\wali\1BLUR.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.CONTOUR).save(r'D:\wali\2CONTOUR.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.DETAIL).save(r'D:\wali\3DETAIL.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE).save(r'D:\wali\4EDGE_ENHANCE.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE).save(r'D:\wali\5EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.EMBOSS).save(r'D:\wali\6EMBOSS.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.FIND_EDGES).save(r'D:\wali\7FIND_EDGES.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.SMOOTH).save(r'D:\wali\8SMOOTH.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.SMOOTH_MORE).save(r'D:\wali\9SMOOTH_MORE.png')
img1.filter(ImageFilter.SHARPEN).save(r'D:\wali\10SHARPEN.png')
七.透明叠加
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw,ImageFont
# 准备图像
img1 = Image.new('RGB', (500, 400), (255,255,255))
draw =ImageDraw.Draw(img1)
draw.line((20, 20, 150, 150), 'cyan', width=4)
draw.line((20, 150, 150, 20), 'red', width=2)
draw.rectangle((170, 20, 300, 150), 'black', 'red', width=2)
draw.arc((340, 20, 470, 150), 0, 270, 'yellow', width=3)
draw.ellipse((20, 170, 150, 235), 'yellowgreen', 'wheat')
draw.text((20, 250), u'Hello World', 'fuchsia')
draw.text((120, 250), u'Hello World', 'red')
path_to_ttf = r'font/simfang.ttf'
font = ImageFont.truetype(path_to_ttf, size=25) # 设置字体
draw.text(xy=(20,280),text='Hello，中国！',fill='red',font=font)
# a通道图像叠加
draw2 = ImageDraw.Draw(img1, 'RGBA')
draw2.rectangle((100, 100, 300, 300), fill=(0, 255, 0, 128))
img1.show()