java - Java:FontMetrics上升错误？

当我查看 FontMetric.getAscent() 的javadoc时，我看到:



但是我写了一个快速演示程序，我看到了:

每行文本的4条水平线是:

基线位置降低了getDescent()

基线位置

getAscent() 提高的

基线位置getHeight()

提高的

基线位置

注意getAscent()行和字符顶部之间的空格。我已经看过大多数字体和大小，并且始终存在这种差距。 (而字体下降看起来恰好。)有什么用？

package com.example.fonts;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSpinner;
import javax.swing.JTextPane;
import javax.swing.SpinnerNumberModel;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;

public class FontMetricsExample extends JFrame
{
    static final int marg = 10;
    public FontMetricsExample()
    {
        super(FontMetricsExample.class.getSimpleName());

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        JPanel fontPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        final JTextPane textSource = new JTextPane();
        textSource.setText("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\n"
                +"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\n"
                +"0123456789!@#$%^&*()[]{}");
        final SpinnerNumberModel fontSizeModel =
              new SpinnerNumberModel(18, 4, 32, 1);
        final String fonts[] =
              GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()
                .getAvailableFontFamilyNames();
        final JComboBox fontFamilyBox = new JComboBox(fonts);
        fontFamilyBox.setSelectedItem("Arial");

        final JPanel text = new JPanel() {
            @Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
                super.paintComponent(g);
                String fontFamilyName =
                         fonts[fontFamilyBox.getSelectedIndex()];
                int fontSize = fontSizeModel.getNumber().intValue();
                Font f = new Font(fontFamilyName, 0, fontSize);
                g.setFont(f);
                FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics();
                int lineHeight = fm.getHeight();
                String[] s0 = textSource.getText().split("\n");
                int x0 = marg;
                int y0 = getHeight()-marg-(marg+lineHeight)*s0.length;
                for (int i = 0; i < s0.length; ++i)
                {
                    y0 += marg+lineHeight;
                    String s = s0[i];
                    g.drawString(s, x0, y0);
                    int w = fm.stringWidth(s);
                    for (int yofs : Arrays.asList(
                            0,   // baseline
                            -fm.getHeight(),
                            -fm.getAscent(),
                            fm.getDescent()))
                    {
                        g.drawLine(x0,y0+yofs,x0+w,y0+yofs);
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        final JSpinner fontSizeSpinner = new JSpinner(fontSizeModel);
        fontSizeSpinner.getModel().addChangeListener(
               new ChangeListener() {
            @Override public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
                text.repaint();
            }
        });
        text.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(200,100));
        text.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400,150));
        ActionListener repainter = new ActionListener() {
            @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                text.repaint();
            }
        };
        textSource.getDocument().addDocumentListener(new DocumentListener() {
            @Override public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
                text.repaint();
            }
            @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {}
            @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {}
        });
        fontFamilyBox.addActionListener(repainter);

        fontPanel.add(fontFamilyBox, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        fontPanel.add(fontSizeSpinner, BorderLayout.EAST);
        fontPanel.add(textSource, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        panel.add(fontPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        panel.add(text, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        setContentPane(panel);
        pack();
        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new FontMetricsExample().setVisible(true);
    }
}

最佳答案

一个可能的原因是，该值考虑了带有diacritics的字母。

例如，添加变音符ÄÖÜ表示其颤音更接近于上升(尽管它们仍未完全到达上升位置)。

寻找上升的更一般定义，我发现the definition in Wikipedia:



因此，即使在版式中似乎也没有精确的绝对定义。