redhat 7.6安装Oracle 11g r2

1、所需内存
最小: 1 GB
推荐: 2 GB以上

[root@node05 ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 3060304 kB

[root@node05 ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal: 3145724 kB

[root@node05 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 2988 373 2282 13 333 2416
Swap: 3071 0 3071

2、
内存所需swap空间
1 GB - 2 GB 内存1.5倍
2 GB - 16 GB 等于内存
16 GB以上 16 GB

the Automatic Memory Management feature requires more shared memory (/dev/shm)and file descriptors.
shared memory should be sized to be at least the greater of MEMORY_MAX_TARGET and MEMORY_TARGET for each Oracle instance on that computer.
To determine the amount of shared memory available, enter the following command:

[root@node05 ~]# df -h /dev/shm/
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm

MEMORY_MAX_TARGET and MEMORY_TARGET cannot be used when LOCK_SGA is enabled or with HugePages on Linux.

/tmp需要至少1G空间（一般和/在一起）

[root@node05 ~]# df -h /tmp
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 77G 4.0G 73G 6% /

[root@node05 ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@x86-040.build.eng.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Oct 4 20:48:51 UTC 2018

检查软件是否安装：

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
附件软件：
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686

安装命令：

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64 make sysstat unixODBC.i686 unixODBC.x86_64 unixODBC-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel.x86_64

# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# passwd oracle

内核参数和资源限制最小值：
Parameter Minimum Value File
semmsl 250 /proc/sys/kernel/sem
semmns 32000

semopm 100

semmni 128

shmall 2097152 /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
shmmax Minimum: 536870912 /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
Maximum: A value that is 1 byte
less than the physical memory
Recommended: More than half the physical memory
See My Oracle Support Note 567506.1 for
additional information about configuring shmmax.

shmmni 4096 /proc/sys/kernel/shmmni
file-max 6815744 /proc/sys/fs/file-max

ip_local_port_range Minimum: 9000 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
Maximum: 65500

rmem_default 262144 /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default
rmem_max 4194304 /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
wmem_default 262144 /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default
wmem_max 1048576 /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max

aio-max-nr 1048576 /proc/sys/fs/aio-max-nr
Note: This value limits concurrent outstanding
requests and should be set to avoid
I/O subsystem failures.

查看参数值：
Parameter Command

semmsl, semmns, semopm, and semmni # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem This command displays the value of the semaphore parameters in the order listed.

shmall, shmmax, and shmmni # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm

file-max # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max

ip_local_port_range # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range

rmem_default # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default

rmem_max # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max

wmem_default # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default

wmem_max # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

# /sbin/sysctl -p

# /sbin/sysctl -a

资源限制最小值：
Resource Shell Limit Resource Soft Limit Hard Limit

Open file descriptors nofile at least 1024 at least 65536

Number of processes available to a single user nproc at least 2047 at least 16384

Size of the stack segment of the process stack at least 10240 KB at least 10240 KB, and at most 32768 KB

1、Log in as an installation owner.
2、Check the soft and hard limits for the file descriptor setting. Ensure that the result is in the recommended range. For example:
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Sn
1024
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Hn
4096
3、Check the soft and hard limits for the number of processes available to a user. Ensure that the result is in the recommended range. For example:
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Su
11830
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Hu
11830
4、Check the soft limit for the stack setting. Ensure that the result is in the recommended range. For example:
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Ss
8192
[root@node05 ~]# ulimit -Hs
unlimited

If necessary, update the resource limits in the /etc/security/limits.conf configuration file for the installation owner.
However, note that the configuration file is distribution specific. Contact your system administrator for distribution specific configuration file information.

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

创建目录：

# mkdir -p /u01/app/
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/