对于本注释的篇幅,我提前致歉。我花了相当多的时间使它变得更短,而这却变得尽可能的小。

我有一个谜,感谢您的帮助。这个奥秘来自于我在Clojure中写的rxjava observer的行为,该行为是根据在线示例中编写的几个简单的observable编写的。

一个可观察到的对象将消息同步发送到其观察者的onNext处理程序,而我假定的有原则的观察者的行为符合预期。

另一个可观察到的对象通过Clojure future在另一个线程上异步执行相同的操作。完全相同的观察者不会捕获发布到其onNext的所有事件;它似乎只是在尾部丢失了随机数量的消息。

在等待promiseonCompleted的等待期与等待发送到agent收集器的所有事件的期满之间存在以下故意竞争。如果promise获胜,我希望看到falseonCompleted以及agent中可能很短的队列。如果agent获胜,我希望看到trueonCompleted以及agent队列中的所有消息。我不希望看到的一个结果是trueonCompletedagent中的一小段队列。但是,墨菲不 sleep ,而这正是我所看到的。我不知道垃圾收集是否有问题,或者是否对Clojure的STM有一些内部排队,或者我的愚蠢,或者其他所有原因。

我在这里按自包含格式的顺序显示源,以便可以直接通过lein repl运行它。有三种方法可以避免:首先,leiningen项目文件project.clj,它声明对Netflix rxjava的0.9.0版本的依赖:

(defproject expt2 "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
  :description "FIXME: write description"
  :url "http://example.com/FIXME"
  :license {:name "Eclipse Public License"
            :url "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html"}
  :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure               "1.5.1"]
                 [com.netflix.rxjava/rxjava-clojure "0.9.0"]]
  :main expt2.core)

现在,命名空间和Clojure需求以及Java导入:
(ns expt2.core
  (:require clojure.pprint)
  (:refer-clojure :exclude [distinct])
  (:import [rx Observable subscriptions.Subscriptions]))

最后,一个用于输出到控制台的宏:
(defmacro pdump [x]
  `(let [x# ~x]
     (do (println "----------------")
         (clojure.pprint/pprint '~x)
         (println "~~>")
         (clojure.pprint/pprint x#)
         (println "----------------")
         x#)))

最后,给我的观察者。我使用agent收集任何可观察到的onNext发送的消息。我使用atom收集潜在的onError。我将promise用作onCompleted,以便观察者外部的消费者可以等待它。
(defn- subscribe-collectors [obl]
  (let [;; Keep a sequence of all values sent:
        onNextCollector      (agent [])
        ;; Only need one value if the observable errors out:
        onErrorCollector     (atom nil)
        ;; Use a promise for 'completed' so we can wait for it on
        ;; another thread:
        onCompletedCollector (promise)]
    (letfn [;; When observable sends a value, relay it to our agent"
            (collect-next      [item] (send onNextCollector (fn [state] (conj state item))))
            ;; If observable errors out, just set our exception;
            (collect-error     [excp] (reset!  onErrorCollector     excp))
            ;; When observable completes, deliver on the promise:
            (collect-completed [    ] (deliver onCompletedCollector true))
            ;; In all cases, report out the back end with this:
            (report-collectors [    ]
              (pdump
               ;; Wait for everything that has been sent to the agent
               ;; to drain (presumably internal message queues):
               {:onNext      (do (await-for 1000 onNextCollector)
                                 ;; Then produce the results:
                                 @onNextCollector)
                ;; If we ever saw an error, here it is:
                :onError     @onErrorCollector
                ;; Wait at most 1 second for the promise to complete;
                ;; if it does not complete, then produce 'false'.
                ;; I expect if this times out before the agent
                ;; times out to see an 'onCompleted' of 'false'.
                :onCompleted (deref onCompletedCollector 1000 false)
                }))]
      ;; Recognize that the observable 'obl' may run on another thread:
      (-> obl
          (.subscribe collect-next collect-error collect-completed))
      ;; Therefore, produce results that wait, with timeouts, on both
      ;; the completion event and on the draining of the (presumed)
      ;; message queue to the agent.
      (report-collectors))))

现在,这是一个同步可观察到的东西。它从观察者的onNext喉咙中抽取25条消息,然后将其称为onCompleted
(defn- customObservableBlocking []
  (Observable/create
    (fn [observer]                       ; This is the 'subscribe' method.
      ;; Send 25 strings to the observer's onNext:
      (doseq [x (range 25)]
        (-> observer (.onNext (str "SynchedValue_" x))))
      ; After sending all values, complete the sequence:
      (-> observer .onCompleted)
      ; return a NoOpSubsription since this blocks and thus
      ; can't be unsubscribed (disposed):
      (Subscriptions/empty))))

我们让观察者订阅这个可观察到的信息:
;;; The value of the following is the list of all 25 events:
(-> (customObservableBlocking)
    (subscribe-collectors))

它可以按预期工作,并且我们在控制台上看到以下结果
{:onNext (do (await-for 1000 onNextCollector) @onNextCollector),
 :onError @onErrorCollector,
 :onCompleted (deref onCompletedCollector 1000 false)}
~~>
{:onNext
 ["SynchedValue_0"
  "SynchedValue_1"
  "SynchedValue_2"
  "SynchedValue_3"
  "SynchedValue_4"
  "SynchedValue_5"
  "SynchedValue_6"
  "SynchedValue_7"
  "SynchedValue_8"
  "SynchedValue_9"
  "SynchedValue_10"
  "SynchedValue_11"
  "SynchedValue_12"
  "SynchedValue_13"
  "SynchedValue_14"
  "SynchedValue_15"
  "SynchedValue_16"
  "SynchedValue_17"
  "SynchedValue_18"
  "SynchedValue_19"
  "SynchedValue_20"
  "SynchedValue_21"
  "SynchedValue_22"
  "SynchedValue_23"
  "SynchedValue_24"],
 :onError nil,
 :onCompleted true}
----------------

这是一个异步的Observable,它仅在future的线程上执行完全相同的操作:
(defn- customObservableNonBlocking []
  (Observable/create
    (fn [observer]                       ; This is the 'subscribe' method
      (let [f (future
                ;; On another thread, send 25 strings:
                (doseq [x (range 25)]
                  (-> observer (.onNext (str "AsynchValue_" x))))
                ; After sending all values, complete the sequence:
                (-> observer .onCompleted))]
        ; Return a disposable (unsubscribe) that cancels the future:
        (Subscriptions/create #(future-cancel f))))))

;;; For unknown reasons, the following does not produce all 25 events:
(-> (customObservableNonBlocking)
    (subscribe-collectors))

但是,令人惊讶的是,这是我们在控制台上看到的:true表示onCompleted,表示promise DID NOT TIME-OUT;但只有一些异步消息。我们看到的实际消息数量因运行而异,这意味着在运行中存在一些并发现象。线索表示赞赏。
----------------
{:onNext (do (await-for 1000 onNextCollector) @onNextCollector),
 :onError @onErrorCollector,
 :onCompleted (deref onCompletedCollector 1000 false)}
~~>
{:onNext
 ["AsynchValue_0"
  "AsynchValue_1"
  "AsynchValue_2"
  "AsynchValue_3"
  "AsynchValue_4"
  "AsynchValue_5"
  "AsynchValue_6"],
 :onError nil,
 :onCompleted true}
----------------

最佳答案

代理上的await-for表示阻止当前线程,直到由此调度的所有操作为止
距离
(从此线程或代理程序到代理程序)的距离很远(这意味着可能发生的情况是,在您的等待结束之后,还有其他线程可以向代理程序发送消息,而您的情况就是这样。在您对代理的等待结束并且您在 map 的:onNext key 中取消引用了它的值之后,您等待等待完成的 promise 完成,但是在等待之后事实却是如此,但与此同时,其他一些消息也被分发给了要收集到媒介中的媒介。

您可以通过将:onCompleted键作为映射中的第一个键来解决此问题,这基本上意味着等待完成,然后等待代理coz,到那时,在已经收到onCompleted之后,不再对代理进行send调用。

{:onCompleted (deref onCompletedCollector 1000 false)
 :onNext      (do (await-for 0 onNextCollector)
                                 @onNextCollector)
 :onError     @onErrorCollector
 }

10-08 15:08