好的，我需要一些有关 pyinstaller 和 PythonNet 的帮助。
这是我第一次在论坛上发帖，我在编码方面相对缺乏经验，但我一直在学习一些用于 GUI 开发的 Python。我有一个脚本，它使用 .NET dll 库与 USB 摄像头连接。该脚本在 Python 中正常运行，但我正在尝试通过 Pyinstaller 将其编译为 .exe 并且卡住了。
下面是前几行代码:
import os
import clr
import sys
import System
from System import IntPtr
这是运行编译后的 .exe 文件后的错误:
我认为 python.runtime 的问题与此处发布的问题 ( https://github.com/pythonnet/pythonnet/issues/34 ) 类似，但我已经尝试了推荐的解决方案，但仍然遇到相同的错误。即我卸载了 pythonnet，然后搜索并删除了任何剩余的 clr.pyd 或 python.runtime.dll 文件。然后通过命令提示符使用 pip 重新安装:
编译我的脚本后，python.runtime.dll 与 exe 文件一起出现在“dist”文件夹中。但是版本号有些奇怪。右键单击 dll 并在 Windows 中查看“属性”将版本列为 2.0.0.2，但查看它列为 4.0.0.1 的同一文件的程序集信息(使用 dotPeek)。这里发生了什么？
以下是显示版本差异的屏幕截图:
dll assembly screenshot shows version 4.0.0.1
[显示版本 2.0.0.2 的 windows 属性屏幕截图]
imagizer.imageshack.us/v2/381x520q90/902/6DEzLM.jpg
(对不起，我不能把这个作为链接)
请注意，我在 Windows 7(64 位)上运行 Python 2.7(32 位)。另外，最初我在编译过程中遇到错误，因为 Pyinstaller 找不到 CLR 所需的 python.runtime.dll，但我修改了 clr-hook.py 以包含完整的 dll 路径，所以现在它编译没有错误，但有些东西仍然明显不对。这是新的钩子(Hook):
##hook-clr.py
import ctypes.util
datas = [(ctypes.util.find_library('C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\Python.Runtime'), '')]
这是编译期间pyinstaller的输出:
C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysis> pyinstaller Realtime_3_exec.py
219 INFO: wrote C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysis\Realtime_3_exe
c.spec
263 INFO: Testing for ability to set icons, version resources...
455 INFO: ... resource update available
462 INFO: UPX is not available.
516 INFO: Processing hook hook-os
697 INFO: Processing hook hook-time
703 INFO: Processing hook hook-cPickle
804 INFO: Processing hook hook-_sre
986 INFO: Processing hook hook-cStringIO
1118 INFO: Processing hook hook-encodings
1137 INFO: Processing hook hook-codecs
2354 INFO: Processing hook hook-httplib
2360 INFO: Processing hook hook-email
2519 INFO: Processing hook hook-email.message
2970 INFO: Processing hook hook-clr
3061 WARNING: library python%s%s required via ctypes not found
3298 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAn
alysis
3299 INFO: checking Analysis
3299 INFO: building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc non existent
3299 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc
3299 INFO: Adding Microsoft.VC90.CRT to dependent assemblies of final executable
3393 INFO: Searching for assembly x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21
022.8_none ...
3394 INFO: Found manifest C:\Windows\WinSxS\Manifests\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc
8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91.manifest
3413 INFO: Searching for file msvcr90.dll
3414 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcr90.dll
3414 INFO: Searching for file msvcp90.dll
3414 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcp90.dll
3416 INFO: Searching for file msvcm90.dll
3416 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_
9.0.21022.8_none_bcb86ed6ac711f91\msvcm90.dll
3541 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e
gg\PyInstaller\loader\_pyi_bootstrap.py
3562 INFO: Processing hook hook-os
3582 INFO: Processing hook hook-site
3608 INFO: Processing hook hook-encodings
3748 INFO: Processing hook hook-time
3752 INFO: Processing hook hook-cPickle
3840 INFO: Processing hook hook-_sre
3996 INFO: Processing hook hook-cStringIO
4131 INFO: Processing hook hook-codecs
4654 INFO: Processing hook hook-httplib
4657 INFO: Processing hook hook-email
4799 INFO: Processing hook hook-email.message
5021 INFO: Processing hook hook-clr
5094 WARNING: library python%s%s required via ctypes not found
5378 INFO: Processing hook hook-pydoc
5513 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_importers.py
5680 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_archive.py
5831 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_carchive.py
5963 INFO: Analyzing C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_-py2.7.e
gg\PyInstaller\loader\pyi_os_path.py
5982 INFO: Analyzing Realtime_3_exec.py
6026 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4
6038 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtCore
6322 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtGui
8180 INFO: Processing hook hook-matplotlib
8298 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL
8386 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL.Image
9391 INFO: Processing hook hook-distutils
9837 INFO: Processing hook hook-parser
10396 INFO: Processing hook hook-sysconfig
10493 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml
10580 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.sax
10618 INFO: Processing hook hook-pyexpat
11866 INFO: Processing hook hook-setuptools
12416 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32com
12434 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32com.client
12562 INFO: Processing hook hook-pythoncom
12647 INFO: Processing hook hook-pywintypes
12771 INFO: Processing hook hook-win32ui
13937 INFO: Processing hook hook-scipy.special._ufuncs
13979 INFO: Processing hook hook-Image
14680 INFO: Processing hook hook-pycparser
15338 INFO: Processing hook hook-PIL.SpiderImagePlugin
15522 INFO: Processing hook hook-_tkinter
15863 INFO: checking Tree
15865 INFO: building because out00-Tree.toc missing or bad
15866 INFO: building Tree out00-Tree.toc
16239 INFO: checking Tree
16240 INFO: building because out01-Tree.toc missing or bad
16241 INFO: building Tree out01-Tree.toc
16338 INFO: Processing hook hook-scipy.sparse.csgraph
18598 INFO: Processing hook hook-pytz
C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt.py:11: MatplotlibDe
precationWarning: QT3-based backends are deprecated and will be removed after th
e v1.2.x release. Use the equivalent QT4 backend instead.
mplDeprecation)
33262 INFO: Processing hook hook-matplotlib.backends
34985 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtOpenGL
34990 INFO: Processing hook hook-PyQt4.QtSvg
35388 INFO: Processing hook hook-anydbm
36676 INFO: Processing hook hook-h5py
40292 INFO: Processing hook hook-IPython
46546 INFO: Processing hook hook-OpenGL
47113 INFO: Processing hook hook-OpenGL_accelerate
49549 INFO: Processing hook hook-zmq
50545 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.dom
50582 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.dom.domreg
55157 INFO: Processing hook hook-docutils
56850 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments
57268 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.lexers
57973 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.formatters
58388 INFO: Processing hook hook-pygments.styles
60513 INFO: Processing hook hook-sqlite3
62490 INFO: Processing hook hook-lxml.etree
62500 INFO: Processing hook hook-xml.etree.cElementTree
62529 INFO: Processing hook hook-_elementtree
63798 INFO: Hidden import 'codecs' has been found otherwise
63799 INFO: Hidden import 'encodings' has been found otherwise
63799 INFO: Looking for run-time hooks
63805 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_pkgres.py
64029 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_Image.py
64170 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_qt4plugins.py
64285 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_mplconfig.py
64420 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_mpldata.py
64534 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_win32comgenpy.py
64672 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_PIL_Image.py
64797 INFO: Analyzing rthook C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pyinstaller-2.1.1dev_
-py2.7.egg\PyInstaller\loader\rthooks\pyi_rth_Tkinter.py
70305 INFO: Adding Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls to dependent assemblies of
final executable
73703 INFO: Adding Microsoft.VC90.MFC to dependent assemblies of final executabl
e
73792 INFO: Searching for assembly x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.2
1022.8_none ...
73792 INFO: Found manifest C:\Windows\WinSxS\Manifests\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1f
c8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86.manifest
73804 INFO: Searching for file mfc90.dll
73804 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfc90.dll
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfc90u.dll
73805 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfc90u.dll
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfcm90.dll
73805 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfcm90.dll
73805 INFO: Searching for file mfcm90u.dll
73807 INFO: Found file C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.mfc_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b
_9.0.21022.8_none_b81d038aaf540e86\mfcm90u.dll
84271 INFO: Using Python library C:\Windows\system32\python27.dll
99841 INFO: Warnings written to C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamAnalysi
s\build\Realtime_3_exec\warnRealtime_3_exec.txt
99993 INFO: checking PYZ
99995 INFO: rebuilding out00-PYZ.toc because out00-PYZ.pyz is missing
99996 INFO: building PYZ (ZlibArchive) out00-PYZ.toc
137450 INFO: checking PKG
137450 INFO: rebuilding out00-PKG.toc because out00-PKG.pkg is missing
137450 INFO: building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg
137516 INFO: checking EXE
137518 INFO: rebuilding out00-EXE.toc because Realtime_3_exec.exe missing
137519 INFO: building EXE from out00-EXE.toc
137590 INFO: Appending archive to EXE C:\Users\M80\Desktop\RealTimeBeamA
nalysis\build\Realtime_3_exec\Realtime_3_exec.exe
137690 INFO: checking COLLECT
137690 INFO: building COLLECT out00-COLLECT.toc
最佳答案
拉取请求已合并到 pyinstaller，并带有 clr (pythonnet) 的钩子(Hook):
https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/pull/2048/files
使用此 clr 钩子(Hook)的正确方法是从命令行指定 --hidden-import=clr 或在规范文件中指定 hiddenimports=['clr']。
这应该负责为 Windows 找到 Python.Runtime.DLL 隐藏导入。
如果有人愿意在 Linux 或 OSX 上解决捆绑问题，那么请继续!请注意，Mono 未预装在这些平台上，因此捆绑可能会变得非常复杂。
关于python - PyInstaller 和 PythonNet CLR，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26110026/