我正在尝试将使用 Camera 2 API 从 Image
接收到的 ImageReader
转换为 OpenCV 矩阵,并使用 CameraBridgeViewBase
将其显示在屏幕上,更具体地说是函数 deliverAndDrawFrame
。读者的 ImageFormat
是 YUV_420_888
,据我所知,它有一个 Y 平面,每个像素都有灰度值,还有一个 U 平面,每个平面都有 U/V,每 4 个像素有 1 个。但是,当我尝试显示此图像时,它看起来好像图像在重复并旋转了 90 度。下面的代码应该将 YUV 数据放入 OpenCV 矩阵(现在只是灰度,而不是 rgba):
/**
* Takes an {@link Image} in the {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888} and puts it into a provided {@link Mat} in rgba format.
*
* @param yuvImage {@link Image} in the {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888} format.
*/
public static void yuv420888imageToRgbaMat(final Image yuvImage, final Mat rgbaMat) {
final Image.Plane
Yp = yuvImage.getPlanes()[0],
UandVp = yuvImage.getPlanes()[1];
final ByteBuffer
Ybb = Yp .getBuffer(),
UandVbb = UandVp.getBuffer();
Ybb .get(mYdata , 0, 480*640 );
UandVbb.get(mUandVData, 0, 480*640 / 2 - 8);
for (int i = 0; i < 640*480; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
mRawRGBAFrameData[i + 640*480*j] = mYdata[i];
}
mRawRGBAFrameData[i*4 ] = mYdata[i];
mRawRGBAFrameData[i*4+1] = mYdata[i];
mRawRGBAFrameData[i*4+2] = mYdata[i];
mRawRGBAFrameData[i*4+3] = -1;
}
}
这是我的 OpenCV 框架代码:
private class CameraFrame implements CvCameraViewFrame {
private Mat mRgba;
@Override
public Mat gray() {
return null;
}
@Override
public Mat rgba() {
mRgbaMat.put(0, 0, mRawRGBAFrameData);
return mRgba;
}
public CameraFrame(final Mat rgba) {
super();
mRgba = rgba;
}
}
接收画框的代码:
private final ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener mOnImageAvailableListener = new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
@Override
public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) {
final Image yuvImage = reader.acquireLatestImage();
yuv420888imageToRgbaMat(yuvImage, mRgbaMat);
deliverAndDrawFrame(mFrame);
yuvImage.close();
}
};
而且,这是制作图像阅读器的代码:
mRgbaMat = new Mat(mFrameHeight, mFrameWidth, CvType.CV_8UC4);
mFrame = new CameraFrame(mRgbaMat);
mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(mFrameWidth, mFrameHeight, ImageFormat.YUV_420_888, 1);
mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(mOnImageAvailableListener, mBackgroundHandler);
AllocateCache();
这是数组的初始化:
protected static byte[] mRawRGBAFrameData = new byte[640*480*4], mYdata = new byte[640*480], mUandVData = new byte[640*480 / 2];
注意:
mFrameWidth
是 480,mFrameHeight
是 640。一件奇怪的事情是 ImageReader
的高度和宽度以及从它接收到的 Image
具有倒置的尺寸。这是带有上述代码的图像:https://i.stack.imgur.com/lcdzf.png
这是在
yuv420888imageToRgbaMat
https://i.stack.imgur.com/T2MOI.png 中用这个代替的图像for (int i = 0; i < 640*480; i++) {
mRawRGBAFrameData[i] = mYdata[i];
}
我们可以看到数据在 Y 帧中重复,出于某种原因,这给出了一个真正好看的图像。
最佳答案
对于在尝试将 OpenCV 与 Camera 2 API 一起使用时遇到相同问题的任何人,我想出了一个解决方案。我发现的第一件事是在 ByteBuffer
提供的 ImageReader
中存在填充,因此如果您不考虑它,这可能会导致输出失真。我选择做的另一件事是创建我自己的 SurfaceView
并使用 Bitmap
而不是使用 CameraViewBase
绘制它,到目前为止它已经很好了。 OpenCV 有一个函数 Util.matToBitmap
,它接受一个 BGR 矩阵并将其转换为一个 android Bitmap
,所以这很有用。我通过将 Image.Plane
提供的前两个 ImageReader
的信息放入格式为 YUV 420 的 OpenCV 单 channel 矩阵中,并使用 Imgproc.cvtColor
和 Imgproc.COLOR_YUV420p2BGR
来获得 BGR 矩阵。要知道的重要一点是,图像的 Y 平面具有完整像素,但第二个 UV 平面具有映射一到四个 Y 像素的交错像素,因此 UV 平面的总长度是 Y 平面的一半。见 here 。无论如何,这里有一些代码:
矩阵的初始化
m_BGRMat = new Mat(Constants.VISION_IMAGE_HEIGHT, Constants.VISION_IMAGE_WIDTH, CvType.CV_8UC3);
m_Yuv420FrameMat = new Mat(Constants.VISION_IMAGE_HEIGHT * 3 / 2, Constants.VISION_IMAGE_WIDTH, CvType.CV_8UC1);
每一帧:
// Convert image to YUV 420 matrix
ImageUtils.imageToMat(image, m_Yuv420FrameMat, m_RawFrameData, m_RawFrameRowData);
// Convert YUV matrix to BGR matrix
Imgproc.cvtColor(m_Yuv420FrameMat, m_BGRMat, Imgproc.COLOR_YUV420p2BGR);
// Flip width and height then mirror vertically
Core.transpose(m_BGRMat, m_BGRMat);
Core.flip(m_BGRMat, m_BGRMat, 0);
// Draw to Surface View
m_PreviewView.drawImageMat(m_BGRMat);
这是到 YUV 420 矩阵的转换:
/**
* Takes an Android {@link Image} in the {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888} format and returns an OpenCV {@link Mat}.
*
* @param image {@link Image} in the {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888} format
*/
public static void imageToMat(final Image image, final Mat mat, byte[] data, byte[] rowData) {
ByteBuffer buffer;
int rowStride, pixelStride, width = image.getWidth(), height = image.getHeight(), offset = 0;
Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
if (data == null || data.length != width * height) data = new byte[width * height * ImageFormat.getBitsPerPixel(ImageFormat.YUV_420_888) / 8];
if (rowData == null || rowData.length != planes[0].getRowStride()) rowData = new byte[planes[0].getRowStride()];
for (int i = 0; i < planes.length; i++) {
buffer = planes[i].getBuffer();
rowStride = planes[i].getRowStride();
pixelStride = planes[i].getPixelStride();
int
w = (i == 0) ? width : width / 2,
h = (i == 0) ? height : height / 2;
for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
int bytesPerPixel = ImageFormat.getBitsPerPixel(ImageFormat.YUV_420_888) / 8;
if (pixelStride == bytesPerPixel) {
int length = w * bytesPerPixel;
buffer.get(data, offset, length);
// Advance buffer the remainder of the row stride, unless on the last row.
// Otherwise, this will throw an IllegalArgumentException because the buffer
// doesn't include the last padding.
if (h - row != 1)
buffer.position(buffer.position() + rowStride - length);
offset += length;
} else {
// On the last row only read the width of the image minus the pixel stride
// plus one. Otherwise, this will throw a BufferUnderflowException because the
// buffer doesn't include the last padding.
if (h - row == 1)
buffer.get(rowData, 0, width - pixelStride + 1);
else
buffer.get(rowData, 0, rowStride);
for (int col = 0; col < w; col++)
data[offset++] = rowData[col * pixelStride];
}
}
}
mat.put(0, 0, data);
}
最后,绘制
/**
* Given an {@link Mat} that represents a BGR image, draw it on the surface canvas.
* use the OpenCV helper function {@link Utils#matToBitmap(Mat, Bitmap)} to create a {@link Bitmap}.
*
* @param bgrMat BGR frame {@link Mat}
*/
public void drawImageMat(final Mat bgrMat) {
if (m_HolderReady) {
// Create bitmap from BGR matrix
Utils.matToBitmap(bgrMat, m_Bitmap);
// Obtain the canvas and draw the bitmap on top of it
final SurfaceHolder holder = getHolder();
final Canvas canvas = holder.lockCanvas();
canvas.drawBitmap(m_Bitmap, null, new Rect(0, 0, m_HolderWidth, m_HolderHeight), null);
holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
}
}
这种方式有效,但我认为最好的方法是设置 OpenGL 渲染上下文并编写某种简单的着色器来显示矩阵。
关于Android ImageReader YUV 420 888 重复数据,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47745109/