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                            想改善这个问题吗? Update the question,所以它是on-topic,用于堆栈溢出。
                        
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我正在使用PKCS11Interop在HSM中执行密钥管理操作。我使用的HSM是Thales PCI Express。以下是包装在HSM中执行的所有操作的类:

public sealed class KeyStoreOperations
    {
        private KeyStoreContext m_keyStoreContext;

        private static Pkcs11 m_Pkcs11;
        private static readonly object _syncLockPkcs11 = new object();
        private static readonly object _syncLockHSMLogin = new object();

        public KeyStoreOperations(KeyStoreContext keyStoreContext)
        {
            m_keyStoreContext = keyStoreContext;
            InitializePkcs11Object();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Generates key in the key store
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void GenerateKey(string keyName)
        {
            HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
            {
                Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS_KEY_PAIR_GEN);
                ObjectHandle publicKeyHandle = null;
                ObjectHandle privateKeyHandle = null;
                byte[] ckaId = session.GenerateRandom(20);
                List<ObjectAttribute> publicKeyAttributes = CreatePublicKeyTemplate(keyName, ckaId);
                List<ObjectAttribute> privateKeyAttributes = CreatePrivateKeyTemplate(keyName, ckaId);
                session.GenerateKeyPair(mechanism, publicKeyAttributes, privateKeyAttributes, out publicKeyHandle, out privateKeyHandle);
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Destroys key in the key store
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyLabel"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void DestroyKey(string keyName)
        {
            HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
            {
                var publicKeyHandle = GetPublicKey(keyName, session);
                var privateKeyHandle = GetPrivateKey(keyName, session);
                if (publicKeyHandle != null && privateKeyHandle != null)
                {
                    session.DestroyObject(publicKeyHandle);
                    session.DestroyObject(privateKeyHandle);
                }
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Encrypts a message using the key in the key store
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyName"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string Encrypt(string keyName, string message)
        {
            ValidateInputs(message, "Message");
            var encryptedMessage = string.Empty;
            HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
            {
                Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS);
                var publicKey = GetPublicKey(keyName, session);
                if (publicKey == null)
                    throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_ENCRYPTION_KEY_NOT_FOUND);
                var originalKeyBytes = EncryptionHelper.Decode(message);
                var encryptedKeyBytes = session.Encrypt(mechanism, publicKey, originalKeyBytes);
                encryptedMessage = EncryptionHelper.Encode(encryptedKeyBytes);
            });
            return encryptedMessage;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Decrypts a key using the key in the key store
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="keyName"></param>
        /// <param name="cipher"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string Decrypt(string keyName, string cipher)
        {
            ValidateInputs(cipher, "Cipher");
            var decryptedMessage = string.Empty;
            HSMTransactionHandler((Session session) =>
            {
                Mechanism mechanism = new Mechanism(CKM.CKM_RSA_PKCS);
                var privateKey = GetPrivateKey(keyName, session);
                if (privateKey == null)
                    throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_ENCRYPTION_KEY_NOT_FOUND);
                var encryptedSymmetricKeyBytes = EncryptionHelper.Decode(cipher);
                var decryptedSymmetricKeyBytes = session.Decrypt(mechanism, privateKey, encryptedSymmetricKeyBytes);
                decryptedMessage = EncryptionHelper.Encode(decryptedSymmetricKeyBytes);
            });
            return decryptedMessage;
        }

        #region Private methods

        #region Validations

        private void ValidateInputs(string input, string name)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input))
                throw new ArgumentNullException(name);
        }

        #endregion Validations

        private void HSMTransactionHandler(Action<Session> action)
        {
            Slot hsmSlot = null;
            Session hsmSession = null;
            try
            {
                hsmSlot = GetSlot(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken);
                hsmSession = hsmSlot.OpenSession(false);
                lock (_syncLockHSMLogin)
                {
                    hsmSession.Login(CKU.CKU_USER, m_keyStoreContext.SecurityPin);
                    action(hsmSession);
                    hsmSession.Logout();
                }
            }
            catch (Pkcs11Exception ex)
            {
                HandleHSMErrors(ex);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (!(hsmSession == null))
                    hsmSession.CloseSession();
            }
        }

        private ObjectHandle GetPrivateKey(string keyName, Session session)
        {
            ObjectHandle privateKey = null;
            List<ObjectHandle> foundObjects = null;
            List<ObjectAttribute> objectAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
            objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
            objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, true));

            foundObjects = session.FindAllObjects(objectAttributes);
            if (foundObjects != null && foundObjects.Count > 0)
            {
                privateKey = foundObjects[0];
            }
            return privateKey;
        }

        private ObjectHandle GetPublicKey(string keyName, Session session)
        {
            ObjectHandle publicKey = null;
            List<ObjectHandle> foundObjects = null;
            List<ObjectAttribute> objectAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
            objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
            objectAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, false));

            foundObjects = session.FindAllObjects(objectAttributes);
            if (foundObjects != null && foundObjects.Count > 0)
            {
                publicKey = foundObjects[0];
            }
            return publicKey;
        }

        private List<ObjectAttribute> CreatePublicKeyTemplate(string keyName, byte[] ckaId)
        {
            List<ObjectAttribute> publicKeyAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_TOKEN, true));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, false));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ID, ckaId));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ENCRYPT, true));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_VERIFY, true));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_VERIFY_RECOVER, true));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_WRAP, true));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_MODULUS_BITS, Convert.ToUInt64(m_keyStoreContext.KeySize)));
            publicKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, new byte[] { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 }));

            return publicKeyAttributes;
        }

        private List<ObjectAttribute> CreatePrivateKeyTemplate(string keyName, byte[] ckaId)
        {
            List<ObjectAttribute> privateKeyAttributes = new List<ObjectAttribute>();
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_TOKEN, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_PRIVATE, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_LABEL, keyName));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_ID, ckaId));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SENSITIVE, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_DECRYPT, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SIGN, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_SIGN_RECOVER, true));
            privateKeyAttributes.Add(new ObjectAttribute(CKA.CKA_UNWRAP, true));

            return privateKeyAttributes;
        }

        private Slot GetSlot(string tokenLabel)
        {
            Slot matchingSlot = null;
            List<Slot> slots = m_Pkcs11.GetSlotList(true);
            matchingSlot = slots[0];
            if (tokenLabel != null)
            {
                matchingSlot = null;
                foreach (Slot slot in slots)
                {
                    TokenInfo tokenInfo = null;
                    try
                    {
                        tokenInfo = slot.GetTokenInfo();
                    }
                    catch (Pkcs11Exception ex)
                    {
                        if (ex.RV != CKR.CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED && ex.RV != CKR.CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT)
                            throw;
                    }

                    if (tokenInfo == null)
                        continue;

                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken))
                        if (0 != string.Compare(m_keyStoreContext.ModuleToken, tokenInfo.Label, StringComparison.Ordinal))
                            continue;

                    matchingSlot = slot;
                    break;
                }

                if (matchingSlot == null)
                    throw new HSMException(string.Format(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_INCORRECT_SLOT, tokenLabel));
            }
            return matchingSlot;
        }

        private void InitializePkcs11Object()
        {
            if (m_Pkcs11 == null)
            {
                lock (_syncLockPkcs11)
                {
                    m_Pkcs11 = new Pkcs11(m_keyStoreContext.PKCS11LibraryPath, true);
                }
            }
        }

        private void HandleHSMErrors(Pkcs11Exception ex)
        {
            if (ex.RV == CKR.CKR_PIN_INCORRECT)
            {
                throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_PIN_INCORRECT, ex);
            }
            else
            {
                throw new HSMException(ErrorConstant.HSM_CONFIGURATION_ERROR_GENERIC, ex);
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }


如果您注意到我正在使用两个对象来应用锁。对象_syncLockPkcs11用于在m_Pkcs11上实现单例,而_syncLockHSMLogin用于将Login同步到HSM。早些时候,当我没有这些锁时,我曾经从HSM,CKU_USER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN和CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED中获得以下错误。我根据此link中提供的信息以及第6.7.7节“ document的会话使用示例”(即c# - C#中PKCS11Interop库的线程安全用法-LMLPHP)实施了此更改

在我当前的实现中,我没有遇到任何这些错误,但是希望在这里了解专家的意见。

我的一些问题是:

以这种方式使用m_Pkcs11是否可以,即不在整个过程生命周期内对其进行处理?

是否可以对HSM登录方法应用锁定?我之所以问是因为我没有找到任何在线参考资料表明这一点。

有没有办法更好地实现这一目标?

最佳答案

您所有问题的答案都在PKCS#11 v2.20 specificiation中“隐藏”。

有关在整个过程生命周期中不废弃m_Pkcs11的更多信息,请参见第6.6章:


  通过调用以下命令,应用程序变为“ Cryptoki应用程序”
  加密函数C_Initialize(请参见第11.4节)之一
  线程;进行此调用后,应用程序可以调用其他
  加密功能。使用Cryptoki完成应用程序后,它将
  调用Cryptoki函数C_Finalize(请参见第11.4节)并停止
  成为Cryptoki应用程序。


换句话说,您只需创建一次Pkcs11类的实例,然后您的所有线程都可以访问PKCS#11函数。我见过的应用程序确实使用Pkcs11类的单个实例,并且几个月都没有对其进行处理。这是一种完全有效的用法。

有关登录状态的更多信息,请参见第6.7.4章:


  在Cryptoki中,应用程序与令牌进行的所有会话都必须
  具有相同的登录/注销状态(即,对于给定的应用程序和
  令牌,具有以下条件之一:所有会话均为公开会话;
  所有会话均为SO会话;或所有会话都是用户会话)。什么时候
  应用程序的会话登录到令牌,该应用程序的所有
  使用该令牌的会话登录,以及应用程序的登录时间
  会话注销令牌,该应用程序的所有会话均与
  该令牌被注销。


换句话说,登录到一个会话后,您还将登录到所有现有会话以及将来打开的所有会话中。这是您收到CKU_USER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN错误的主要原因。我见过登录到单个会话并保持打开状态数月的应用程序。顺便说一句,您可以使用Session::GetSessionInfo()方法来检查您的会话是否已经登录。

有关与您相似的类的真实示例,请查看Pkcs11RsaSignature项目中的Pkcs11Interop.PDF类。

关于c# - C#中PKCS11Interop库的线程安全用法,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44715797/

10-09 21:57