java - 什么时候应该在ExecutorService上使用CompletionService？

我刚刚在this blog post中找到了CompletionService。但是，这并没有真正展示CompletionService相对于标准ExecutorService的优势。可以使用任一代码编写相同的代码。那么，什么时候CompletionService有用？

您能否提供简短的代码示例以使其清晰可见？例如，此代码示例仅显示不需要CompletionService的位置(=等同于ExecutorService)

    ExecutorService taskExecutor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
    //        CompletionService<Long> taskCompletionService =
    //                new ExecutorCompletionService<Long>(taskExecutor);
    Callable<Long> callable = new Callable<Long>() {
        @Override
        public Long call() throws Exception {
            return 1L;
        }
    };

    Future<Long> future = // taskCompletionService.submit(callable);
        taskExecutor.submit(callable);

    while (!future.isDone()) {
        // Do some work...
        System.out.println("Working on something...");
    }
    try {
        System.out.println(future.get());
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

最佳答案

使用ExecutorService，提交了要运行的任务后，您需要手动进行编码，以有效地完成任务的结果。

使用CompletionService，这几乎是自动化的。在您提供的代码中，差异不是很明显，因为您仅提交了一项任务。但是，假设您有要提交的任务列表。在下面的示例中，多个任务被提交到CompletionService。然后，与其尝试找出已完成的任务(获取结果)，不如要求CompletionService实例在结果可用时返回结果。

public class CompletionServiceTest {

        class CalcResult {
             long result ;

             CalcResult(long l) {
                 result = l;
             }
        }

        class CallableTask implements Callable<CalcResult> {
            String taskName ;
            long  input1 ;
            int input2 ;

            CallableTask(String name , long v1 , int v2 ) {
                taskName = name;
                input1 = v1;
                input2 = v2 ;
            }

            public CalcResult call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println(" Task " + taskName + " Started -----");
                for(int i=0;i<input2 ;i++) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(200);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        System.out.println(" Task " + taskName + " Interrupted !! ");
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    input1 += i;
                }
                System.out.println(" Task " + taskName + " Completed @@@@@@");
                return new CalcResult(input1) ;
            }

        }

        public void test(){
            ExecutorService taskExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
            CompletionService<CalcResult> taskCompletionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<CalcResult>(taskExecutor);

            int submittedTasks = 5;
            for (int i=0;i< submittedTasks;i++) {
                taskCompletionService.submit(new CallableTask (
                        String.valueOf(i),
                            (i * 10),
                            ((i * 10) + 10  )
                        ));
               System.out.println("Task " + String.valueOf(i) + "subitted");
            }
            for (int tasksHandled=0;tasksHandled<submittedTasks;tasksHandled++) {
                try {
                    System.out.println("trying to take from Completion service");
                    Future<CalcResult> result = taskCompletionService.take();
                    System.out.println("result for a task availble in queue.Trying to get()");
                    // above call blocks till atleast one task is completed and results availble for it
                    // but we dont have to worry which one

                    // process the result here by doing result.get()
                    CalcResult l = result.get();
                    System.out.println("Task " + String.valueOf(tasksHandled) + "Completed - results obtained : " + String.valueOf(l.result));

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // Something went wrong with a task submitted
                    System.out.println("Error Interrupted exception");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    // Something went wrong with the result
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    System.out.println("Error get() threw exception");
                }
            }
        }
    }

关于java - 什么时候应该在ExecutorService上使用CompletionService？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4912228/