java - Java 2D API:空指针异常

请看下面的代码

package java2D;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Joins extends JFrame
{
    private JPanel centerPanel;

    public Joins()
    {
        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        this.add(createCenterPanel(),"Center");

        this.setSize(200,250);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    private JPanel createCenterPanel()
    {
        centerPanel = new JPanel();
        //centerPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        Graphics g = centerPanel.getGraphics();

        Graphics2D g2d =  (Graphics2D)g;

        BasicStroke bs1 = new BasicStroke(8, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL);
        g2d.setStroke(bs1);
        g2d.drawRect(15, 15, 80, 50);

        BasicStroke bs2 = new BasicStroke(8, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER);
        g2d.setStroke(bs2);
        g2d.drawRect(125, 15, 80, 50);

        BasicStroke bs3 = new BasicStroke(8, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);
        g2d.setStroke(bs3);
        g2d.drawRect(235, 15, 80, 50);


        return centerPanel;
    }

    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable(){

            @Override
            public void run() {
                new Joins();
            }
        });
    }
}

此代码生成NullPointerException。我需要在centerPanel中绘制图形。在开发Swing应用程序时，通常将JFrame区域划分为JPanels数，我也在此处进行了划分，但最终出现了NullPointerException！

以下是错误

run:
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
    at java2D.Joins.createCenterPanel(Joins.java:34)
    at java2D.Joins.<init>(Joins.java:17)
    at java2D.Joins$1.run(Joins.java:55)
    at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(InvocationEvent.java:251)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:705)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$000(EventQueue.java:101)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:666)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:664)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:76)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:675)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:211)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:128)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:117)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:113)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:105)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:90)
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 6 seconds)

请帮忙！

最佳答案

如前所述，Graphics g = centerPanel.getGraphics();是问题的根源。

您永远不要使用getGraphics执行自定义绘制。最好的getGraphics是上一个绘制周期的快照，最坏的是，您已经看到了最差的结果，它是null

要执行自定义绘画，您应该为自己创建一个自定义组件（例如，使用JPanel之类的东西）并覆盖其paintComponent方法（不要忘记调用super.paintComponet）

查看Performing Custom Painting了解更多详细信息