我试图熟悉pythonggui，因此为了做到这一点，我正在构建一个简单的计算器。
大部分都能工作，但当我使用以下代码时，我正试图在文本显示小部件中添加滚动条：
self.scroll_bar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.master)
self.scroll_bar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
# self.scroll_bar.grid(row=0, column=4)
self.screen = tk.Text(self.master, height=5, width=30)
# self.screen.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
self.screen.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH)
self.screen.configure(font=("Calibri", 20, "bold", "italic"),
foreground="black", background="whitesmoke")
self.scroll_bar.config(command=self.screen.yview, orient=tk.VERTICAL)
self.screen.config(yscrollcommand=self.scroll_bar.set)
当我移除pack（）行并使用grid时，GUI甚至都没有打开，但看起来非常不平衡。
我对再现性的完整编码是：
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import re
# the calculator gui text for the buttons
calculator_button_text = {
'clear': 'C',
'zero': '0',
'one': '1',
'two': '2',
'three': '3',
'four': '4',
'five': '5',
'six': '6',
'seven': '7',
'eight': '8',
'nine': '9',
'decimal': '.',
'plus': '+',
'minus': '-',
'multiply': 'x',
'divide': u"\u00F7",
'equal': '=',
'delete': u"\u232B"
}
class CalculatorApp(tk.Frame):
''' Main Calculator Class '''
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.user_in_list = []
self.buttons_text = calculator_button_text
self.equation = ""
self.configure_gui()
self.create_calc_widgets()
# in order to change the button colors (mac)
style = ttk.Style(self.master)
style.theme_use('clam')
style.configure('style.TButton', foreground="firebrick", background="darkgrey",
font=("Arial", 20, "bold", "italic"))
style.map('TButton',
foreground=[('pressed', 'blue'),
('active', 'darkgreen')],
background=[('pressed', 'dimgrey'),
('active', 'grey')])
def configure_gui(self):
self.master.title("Calculator")
self.master.configure(bg='black')
def create_calc_widgets(self):
self.create_input_field()
self.create_buttons()
def create_input_field(self):
## this work without scrollbar
# self.screen = tk.Text(self.master, height=5, width=30)
# self.screen.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=tk.W + tk.E)
# self.screen.configure(font=("Calibri", 20, "bold", "italic"),
# foreground="black", background="whitesmoke")
self.scroll_bar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.master)
self.scroll_bar.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.Y)
# self.scroll_bar.grid(row=0, column=4)
self.screen = tk.Text(self.master, height=5, width=30)
# self.screen.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
self.screen.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH)
self.screen.configure(font=("Calibri", 20, "bold", "italic"),
foreground="black", background="whitesmoke")
self.scroll_bar.config(command=self.screen.yview, orient=tk.VERTICAL)
self.screen.config(yscrollcommand=self.scroll_bar.set)
def create_buttons(self):
button_col = 0
button_row = 1
text_in_row = ('C', '123d', '456-', '789x', '0.+/', '=')
for row in text_in_row:
for text in row:
self.configure_button(text, button_row, button_col)
button_col += 1
button_col = 0
button_row += 1
def configure_button(self, txt, r, c):
to_write = (txt == '=')
# if txt in ('0123456789'):
# value = int(txt)
if (txt == 'd'):
txt = u"\u232B"
elif (txt == '/'):
txt = u"\u00F7"
key = list(calculator_button_text.keys())[
list(calculator_button_text.values()).index(txt)
]
calculator_button_text[key] = ttk.Button(self.master, text=txt,
style='style.TButton',
command=lambda: self.click(txt, to_write))
calculator_button_text[key].grid(row=r, column=c, ipady=10, ipadx=10)
if (key=='clear'):
self.configure_clear_button(key)
elif (key=='equal'):
self.configure_equal_button(key)
def configure_clear_button(self, k):
calculator_button_text[k].grid(columnspan=4, sticky=tk.W + tk.E)
def configure_equal_button(self, k):
calculator_button_text[k].grid(columnspan=4, sticky=tk.W + tk.E)
def click(self, cmd, new_line):
if (cmd != '='):
self.display_on_screen(cmd, new_line)
else:
self.equation = re.sub(u"\u00F7", '/', self.equation)
self.equation = re.sub("x", '*', self.equation)
ans = str(eval(self.equation))
self.display_on_screen(ans, new_line)
self.equation = ""
def display_on_screen(self, val, new_line=False):
if (not new_line):
self.screen.insert(tk.END, val)
self.equation += str(val)
else:
self.screen.insert(tk.END, '\n')
self.screen.insert(tk.END, val)
self.screen.insert(tk.END, '\n')
self.screen.yview('end')
def clear_screen(self):
# set equation to empty before deleting screen
self.equation = ""
self.screen.delete('1.0', tk.END)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
calc_gui = CalculatorApp(root)
# Make window fixed (cannot be resized)
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
root.mainloop()
我会提到我在MacOS Mojave上使用Python3.X，我对按钮的颜色有问题，所以最终我从
tk.Button()移到ttk.Button()希望能帮上忙
最佳答案
实际上，几何图形管理器不能在同一节中混合pack和grid。因此，您必须选择一种模式来组织窗口的布局，或者将窗口分成两个框架，以便能够在其中一个框架中pack小部件，在另一个框架中grid小部件。
您可以尝试以下操作：
self.screen = tk.Text(self.master, height=5, width=30)
self.screen.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky='nswe')
self.scroll_bar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.master, command=self.screen.yview)
self.scroll_bar.grid(row=0, column=3, sticky='nse')
关于python - Tkinter.pack()方法不显示GUI，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58038099/